项目名称: 内质网应激信号分子IRE1α在胰岛β细胞中的功能及其作用机制
项目编号: No.81200562
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 医学二处
项目作者: 杨柳
作者单位: 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院
项目金额: 23万元
中文摘要: 胰岛β细胞的功能调节及其衰损在2型糖尿病的发生发展中具有举足轻重的作用。大量研究表明,细胞内质网应激与β细胞的功能紊乱及其凋亡密切相关。内质网蛋白激酶IRE1α是内质网应激的关键感受器和效应分子,在胰岛β细胞中能应答于葡萄糖的刺激,并参与调控胰岛素的生物合成。我们前期的研究发现,胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP1)可以刺激胰岛β细胞中的IRE1α发生磷酸化,提示IRE1α信号通路在GLP1调节β细胞内分泌功能方面可能发挥重要的生理学功能。本项目拟利用胰岛β细胞系和β细胞特异性敲除IRE1α的小鼠模型,探索IRE1α在GLP-1促进胰岛β细胞的功能特性上所行使的调节作用,并解析IRE1α依赖于或不依赖于XBP1的下游信号机制。此项研究旨在深入了解内质网应激信号通路如何影响胰岛β细胞的功能,进而为阐明糖代谢平衡紊乱的病理学基础提供新的视角。
中文关键词: 胰岛β细胞;内质网应激;β细胞增殖;糖代谢;基因敲除
英文摘要: Pancreatic β-cells play a central role in glucose metabolism, and β-cell malfunction is a critical component underlying the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The key function of β-cells is the regulated biosynthesis and adequate secretion of insulin in response to glucose levels. This is controlled by hormonal modulators such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), which can potently stimulate glucose-dependent insulin production and secretion, and enhance β-cell proliferation while suppressing its apoptosis. Homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is essential for the proper function and survival of β-cells. Accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the ER triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which reduces ER stress caused by the overload of protein folding. The ER-resident protein kinase IRE1α is a key sensor of ER stress. We previously found that GLP-1 could stimulate the phosphorylation of IRE1α in pancreatic β cells. To investigate the role of IRE1α in GLP1-dependent regulation of β-cell functions, we aim to generate β-cell-specific Ire1α knockout mice and examine the metabolic importance of IRE1α signaling in glucose homeostasis. Using the INS-1 β-cell line, we also attempt to explore the XBP1-dependent and -independent mechainism of IRE1α action in GLP1-mediated regulation of β-cell function
英文关键词: Pancreatic β-cells;Endoplasmic reticulum stress;β-cells proliferation;Glucose metabolism;Gene-knockout