基于有限元理论的枢纽内部密集行人运动行为及演变机理研究

项目名称： 基于有限元理论的枢纽内部密集行人运动行为及演变机理研究

项目编号： No.51308029

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 杨静

作者单位： 北京建筑大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 近些年来，城市交通枢纽的乘客集散压力不断增大，密集人群的疏散成为研究热点。微观行人仿真是研究枢纽内行人运动的重要工具，而社会力模型能够体现行人真实运动情况，是目前较被认可的行人动力学仿真模型，近年来得到较大发展。但大部分的研究着重于对模型形式本身的改进，对计算效率考虑较少。本项目拟从模型和算法两方面出发，通过对行人自驱动力模型、行人间作用力模型、行人与障碍物间作用模型进行改进，基于社会力原理，综合分子力学理论与流体力学理论中有限元方法求解的思路，建立对密集条件下行人流状态快速、准确的识别与判定的行人仿真模型，将有限元数值分析方法引入行人仿真模型的求解中，在考虑行人个体行为与宏观群体特性的基础上给出通用的求解步骤，为枢纽内部步行设施规划设计、拥挤踩踏事件预警提供理论依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 轨道交通枢纽；社会力模型；颗粒流理论；密集人群；行人仿真

英文摘要： In recent years，transport hub get more and more pressure from the pedestrian motion, so the research on dense crowd evacuation become a hot topic. Pedestrian simulation of transport hub is the basis of walking facilities planning and designing, and Social force model, which can best embody the crowd real movement, is by far the most recognized pedestrian dynamics simulation model, and get great development in recent years. However, most of the research focuses on improvements in the form of the model itself, and less consider is put on the computational efficiency. This project sought to make progress from both the model and algorithms, make improvements on three important sub-models, the driving force model, the interaction model among pedestrians, and the interaction model between pedestrians and the environment. Moreover, based on social force, combining finite element methods in molecular mechanics theory and hydrodynamics theory, this project establish improving pedestrian simulation model which can make fast, accurate identification and determination for pedestrian state in intensive conditions. Furthermore, finite element numerical analysis method is applied in pedestrian simulation model solution algorithm, and common solving steps are given on the basis of considering pedestrian characteristics of indi

英文关键词： Transportation Hub；Social Force Model；Particle Flow Theory；Dense Crowd；Pedestrian Simulation