超冷里德堡原子系综的非平衡量子多体物理

项目名称： 超冷里德堡原子系综的非平衡量子多体物理

项目编号： No.11474094

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 钱静

作者单位： 华东师范大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 超冷里德堡原子凭借其独特的性质已经成为原子分子与光物理中最为活跃的一个前沿领域，在量子信息科学、超高精密测量、量子仿真、超冷化学等领域都有广泛而重要的应用。当原子被激发到里德堡态时，原子巨大的电偶极矩将诱导产生强偶极-偶极相互作用，使其成为只包含单个原子合作激发的超原子源。如此一个具有良好相干性的物质源有望成为研究超低温环境下量子多体效应的首选。在本项目中，申请人在前期基础上将继续紧密跟随国际上在该领域的发展趋势，从理论上探究驱动-耗散机制作用下各种有趣的非平衡物理问题：1、实现超冷里德堡原子系综的超高保真度的纠缠稳态并拓展其在量子信息科学的应用；2、研究里德堡原子的非线性光学效应并实现光对原子非平衡动力学的量子操控；3、基于光学微腔系统的反馈和增强机制对超冷里德堡原子实施无破坏的量子测量和量子态控制。本项目的顺利实施将对完善超冷里德堡原子的现有理论和发展实验新方法具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 里德堡原子；多体物理；非平衡；超冷原子系综；量子态操控

英文摘要： Ultracold Rydberg atom with its exaggerated properties, which is currently a very active frontier in atomic, molecular and optical physics, has many important applications in quantum information science,ultrasensitive measurement,quantum simulation and ultracold chemistry. When atoms are excited to the Rydberg state, their large dipole moments can induce strong dipole-dipole interactions between any two Rydberg states, giving rise to a superatom ensemble which only contains single collective Rydberg excitation. Such a coherent souce of matter is expected to be a good candidate for studying quantum many-body effects under ultracold environment.In the presnet project,based on our former works we plan to theoretically investigate series of interesting non-equilibrium physics by utilizing the driven-dissipation mechanism , following the international research trend: 1.We seek for an entangled steady state with ultrahigh fidelity in ultracold Rydberg atomic ensemble, and study its potential applications in the quantum information science;2.We explore the nonlinear optical effects with Rydberg atoms and achieve quantum manipulation for atomic non-equilibrium dynamics by light;3. Based on the feedback and enhancement properties of an optical cavity, we perform a quantum nondemolition measurement for ultracold Rydberg atoms and meanwhile do the quantum state engineering.The success of our project is of significance in improving the existing theorem and experimental technology for ultracold Rydberg atoms.

英文关键词： Rydberg atom;many-body physics;non-equilibrium;ultracold atomic ensemble;quantum state manipulation