三水碳酸镁晶体微观形貌调控及其形成机理研究

项目名称： 三水碳酸镁晶体微观形貌调控及其形成机理研究

项目编号： No.51204091

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 冶金与矿业学科

项目作者： 高玉娟

作者单位： 辽宁工程技术大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 我国菱镁矿优质矿产资源利用率偏低，且大量低品位菱镁矿被废弃并占地堆放，造成资源极大浪费。为了高效利用镁矿资源，申请课题拟以低品位菱镁矿(MgO含量35%-41%)为原料，合成出球形、扇形、放射状、花瓣状三水碳酸镁晶体，研究溶液过饱和度、溶液pH值、反应温度及晶形控制剂对晶体生长形貌的影响；采用外加场(微波、电、磁等)手段调控晶体结构单元维度及其在不同空间区域的各向异性生长，揭示晶体生长基元空间构型与宏观溶液组成及晶体微观形貌之间的关系；通过监测晶体水合动力学过程，研究晶体结晶生长习性，揭示三水碳酸镁晶体生长规律，阐明晶体形貌多样性形成机理，为构建微纳米材料知识框架提供理论依据。研究成果丰富了碳酸镁晶体形貌可控制备的理论和方法，对无机微纳米材料形貌可控制备及低成本、高性能精细镁盐工业化生产奠定科学基础。我国拥有丰富的低品位菱镁矿，研究成果将大幅提高低品位菱镁矿附加值，加快我国菱镁矿工业发展。

中文关键词： 三水碳酸镁；形貌调控；动力学；形成机理；

英文摘要： High quality mineral resource of magnesite has low utilization in China, low-grade magnesite is discarded and stacked, which is a great waste of mineral resources. In order to highly using magnesite resource, the aims of this project are to synthesize spherical, sectorial, radial and petaliform nesquehonite crystals with low-grade magnesite(MgO content is between 35 per cent and 42 percent)as a raw material synthesizes. The influences of the super saturation, solution pH, temperature and crystal-growing controlling agents level on crystal morphology are studied. Appling fields (microwave,electric,magnetic and so on) control the crystal structure unit dimension and the anisotropic growth in different parts of space and reveal the relasionship among crystal structure unit dimension change, steric configuration and crystal microstructure. The laws of nesquehonite crystal growth are shown by monitoring the kinetics of the hydration process and studying the crystal growth behavior. They explain the formation mechanism of crystal feature variety which provides the theory basis for building micro-nanometer materials knowledge framework. The research enriches the theories and methods of magnesium carbonate crystal morphology preparation controllable and lays the foundation of the science of inorganic micro-nanometer mat

英文关键词： nesquehonite；morphology control；kinetics；formation mechanism；