环境友好、高效发光的纳米材料及其在生物技术中的应用

项目名称： 环境友好、高效发光的纳米材料及其在生物技术中的应用

项目编号： No.20873029

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 熊焕明

作者单位： 复旦大学

项目金额： 36万元

中文摘要： 本项目原定研究计划在03年里全部得以开展，并取得了良好的成果。主要分为以下几个方面：1、找到几条合成高效发光ZnO量子点的绿色化学方法，这些低成本、高产率、环境友好的合成路线将来有可能走向产业化；2、制备了在水溶液和细胞培养液中稳定发光的ZnO荧光探针，这类材料显示出较低的生物毒性，能够有效的标记各种癌细胞，可以通过激光共聚焦显微镜清晰地观察细胞的生理变化；3、通过ZnO荧光探针对小动物的活体注射实验证明，ZnO是安全无毒的，有可能应用于皮肤疾病的诊断；4、发现ZnO纳米粒子负载阿霉素以后，能够高效地杀死癌细胞，其中ZnO遇弱酸分解的特性使它成为一种低残留、高释放率的纳米给药载体，值得继续探索和改进；5、把多种碳材料用强酸消解和表面修饰后，获得在水溶液中稳定发光的碳纳米粒子，细胞毒性很小，但是发光效率有待提高。在合成制备与比较筛选了一系列纳米发光材料之后，我们认为水溶性的ZnO发光量子点是一种环境友好、安全无毒、成本低廉、高效发光的新材料，值得深入研究与大力开发。

中文关键词： 氧化锌；量子点；荧光探针；碳纳米粒子；安全无毒

英文摘要： The original project research program has been developed fully in 3 years and has achieved good fruits. These fruits mainly include the following several aspects: First, we found several green chemistry methods to synthesize highly luminescent ZnO quantum dots. These low cost, high yield, environmental friendly synthetic routes may be industrialized in the future. Secondly, we fabricated ZnO fluorescent probes that are stable in aqueous solution and cell culture medium. This type of material exhibits low cytotoxicity. They can effectively label various cancer cells so as to clearly show the cell physiological changes by laser confocal microscopy. Thirdly, the in vivo experiments of ZnO fluorescent probe injection for small animals proved that ZnO is safe and non-toxic and can be applied in the diagnosis of skin diseases.Fourthly, we found ZnO nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin can effectively kill cancer cells. Such feature of ZnO decomposition in weak acids makes ZnO a good drug carrier with low residue and high delivery rate, which should be explored and improved. Fifthly, we obtained luminescent carbon nanoparticles through digesting a variety of carbon materials in strong acids and subsequent surface modification. These carbon dots exhibited very small cytotoxicity, but their luminescent efficiency needs to be improved. After syntheses and comparison of many nanosized luminescent materials, we think the water soluble ZnO luminescent quantum dots is a kind of environment friendly, safe and nontoxic, low cost and highly luminescent material which is worthy of further research and development.

英文关键词： zinc oxide; quantum dots; fluorescent probes; carbon nanoparticles; safe and nontoxic