新疆绿洲土壤电导率遥感建模研究

项目名称： 新疆绿洲土壤电导率遥感建模研究

项目编号： No.40861020

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 丁建丽

作者单位： 新疆大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 项目研究背景主要基于盐渍土遥感监测相关方法缺乏定量化及研究过程较少考虑水盐运移发生机理等问题，有关成果普遍存在不确定性较强的问题，基于此，项目确定以下研究内容作为主攻方向：1）建立像元尺度裸土-植被多光谱信息盐渍化响应指数以及电导率数理统计模型；2）构建基于主动微波技术的土壤水分反演模型；3）构建水盐一体化土壤电导率遥感反演模型。三年在研期间，研究团队在土壤盐渍化及盐生植被光谱学研究方面取得多项成果，设计并完成基于.NET和SuperMap平台的干旱区Web典型地物光谱信息系统，该库直接服务于项目具体研究目标的实现；在土壤盐渍化空间异质性研究方面，对研究区土壤盐分空间变异特征做了深入研究，该研究有助于盐渍土定量监测模型的构建提供相关科学依据；在土壤水分遥感反演方面，我们针对雷达反演存在的主要技术难点：地表粗糙度及植被覆盖对于后向散射强度的影响，通过多源数据、不同方法协同反演及特征空间理论较好地解决了该问题；最后我们在水盐一体化遥感监测方面首次构建了通用了通用性较强的二维SSSI及三维SDI、SVWSI指数。具有明确的生物物理意义，指标简单、易于获取、提高了土壤盐渍化监测精度。

中文关键词： 干旱区；土壤盐渍化；遥感反演；光谱分析；土壤水分

英文摘要： The project is mainly based on the background that Salinization has become an important research field of global environmental change as the main form of land degradation today, and remote sensing technology has become a major monitoring method in the larger regional scale. Because the lack of quantitative methods and less to consider the mechanism of water and salt movement in the research process, so the results have a strong prevalence of the problem of uncertainty. Based on these reasons, determine the following content as the main direction of research project: 1) devising the salinization response index of multi-spectral information of bare soil and vegetation in pixel scale and the model for the conductivity of Mathematical Statistics; 2) Building soil moisture inversion model based on active microwave technology; 3) Building soil conductivity sensing inversion model based on integration of water and salt. During the three years in research, the research team to work together and worked hard, a number of scientific research achievements of the study on soil salinization and halophyte spectroscopy. To obtain the spectral characteristics of Xinjiang oasis. To design and implementation of the Web Typical Surface Object Spectral Information System based on.NET and SuperMap, it can provide services for the vegetation surveys, vegetation classification, and environment monitor in this area. in the study of soil salinization spatial heterogeneity, made a thorough study of soil salinity spatial variability that quantitative monitoring of saline soil will help to provide a scientific basis to build the model;In soil moisture remote sensing inversion, we have the main technical difficulties for radar inversion :the impact of surface roughness and vegetation cover to the backscatter, solved by using multi-data ,different methods and caracteristics of space inversion. finally，we firstly set the two dimentional VSSI,SVSI, SSSI, and the three dimentional SDI ,SVWI, which have the stronger versatility in the remote sensing of integration of water and salt field. Characteristics of the different dimensions of space constructed remote sensing monitoring model of soil salinization can reflect a combination of salt salinization of the soil surface and change information, with a clear biophysical meaning, and indicators simple, easy access, help soil salinization quantitative analysis and monitoring and arid saline soil for future information retrieval and dynamic monitoring of great significance.

英文关键词： Arid Area;Soil salinization; Remote sensing retrieval; Spectral analysis; Soil moisture