基于分子靶点的玉米孤雌生殖单倍体诱导性状高效检测技术研究

项目名称： 基于分子靶点的玉米孤雌生殖单倍体诱导性状高效检测技术研究

项目编号： No.31300300

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 路明

作者单位： 吉林省农业科学院

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 以生物诱导为基础的单倍体技术近年来已逐步成为玉米育种的关键性技术，而选育新型高频诱导系是单倍体育种的首要条件，但传统的选育方法复杂、困难、准确率低、工作量大，造成选系规模小，群体少，难以高效规模化的选育出高频诱导系，迫切需要建立一种单倍体诱导性状的高效检测技术和方法。 本项目利用SNP分子标记技术对玉米单倍体诱导性状靶点基因进行初级和精细定位，发掘连锁的功能标记，对现有的玉米孤雌生殖单倍体诱导性状主效QTL进行整合和验证，建立一种基于分子靶点的玉米孤雌生殖单倍体诱导性状高效检测的技术方法，实现单倍体诱导系选育进程中诱导性状的高效筛选。这为今后图位克隆诱导基因和揭示玉米单倍体诱导性状机制奠定基础，对有效地应用单倍体育种技术并提升我国玉米单倍体育种技术水平具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 玉米；单倍体诱导；分子靶点；检测技术；

英文摘要： In recent years, haploid technology based on biological induction has become the key breeding technology in maize, but developing new high frequency induction lines is the first condition of haploid breeding. The traditional breeding method of haploid induction line is so complex, difficult, low accuracy, much work that the population is little and high frequency induction lines is hard to develop. So it is very urgent to establish an efficient detection technology of the haploid induction rate. In this study, the target gene for haploid induction will been primary and precise mapped to develop function markers by molecular marker technology in maize. In addition, the existing large-effect QTL of maize parthenogenesis haploid induction has been integrated and validated. Eventually we will establish an efficient detection technology of parthenogenesis haploid induction in maize based on molecular target in order to realize efficient selection of haploid induction line in maize breeding. It lays the foundation for cloning gene of haploid induction ability and revealing the mechanism of haploid induction in the future. It is of great significance to effectively carry out the haploid breeding technology and promote the level of maize haploid breeding technology in China.

英文关键词： maize；haploid induction；;molecular target；detection technology；