含氧燃料燃烧中氧迁移路径和醛类污染物生成机理研究

项目名称： 含氧燃料燃烧中氧迁移路径和醛类污染物生成机理研究

项目编号： No.50806079

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 蒋利桥

作者单位： 中国科学院广州能源研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 针对醇、醚类含氧燃料燃烧过程中非常规污染物（醛类、酸类等）排放比传统碳氢燃料显著增加的问题，本项目研究从含氧燃料燃烧过程中氧的迁移路径角度研究非常规污染物的形成和消耗机理。分别对二甲醚、甲醇、乙醇三种单质燃料，以及甲醇/二甲醚、二甲醚/丙烷、乙醇/丙烷三种混合燃料的进行实验研究和数值模拟。实验分别采用常规火焰中取样化学分析和先进的分子束质谱结合同步辐射真空紫外光电离技术方法对含氧燃料平面火焰燃烧中间产物进行鉴别和浓度测量，重点分析了含氧中间体的产生与消耗特性，获得了燃料流量、当量比、温度和压力等燃烧条件对火焰中甲醛产生与消耗的影响规律。直接数值模拟分别建立了二甲醚、乙醇及其掺混燃料的平面、对向流和细长反应管内火焰详细基元反应化学动力学模型，模拟了高温氧化和低温氧化过程，再现了实验结果。研究综合分析了含氧燃料燃烧中氧的迁移路径，阐述了燃料氧对甲醛产生和消耗作用规律，并考察了燃料氧结构差异对非常规污染物形成的影响，揭示了燃料氧的释放和消耗机理，从燃料氧和氧化剂氧在燃烧中的迁移路径角度阐明了非常规污染形成机理。研究结果为开发含氧替代燃料的清洁、高效燃烧技术提供有效的理论指导和设计依据。

中文关键词： 含氧燃料；燃烧；非常规污染物；甲醛；同步辐射

英文摘要： Oxygenated fuels (alcohols, ethers) burning significantly increase irregular pollutants (aldehydes, acids, etc.) emissions than traditional hydrocarbon fuels. This project focuses on the formation and consumption mechanism of these irregular pollutants (formaldehyde, etc.) by investigating the oxygen migration path in oxygenated fuels combustion process. The dimethyl ether(DME), ethanol, methanol, methanol/DME, DME/propane and ethanol/propane premixed flame are studied by experimental and numerical simulation. The traditional sampling method and the VUV photoionization mass spectrometry after molecular bean sampling method of synchrotron radiation were used to identify the intermediates and measure their concentration in flat premixed flame respectively. The experimental focused on tracking the oxygenated intermediates generation and consumption, and it obtained the production and consumption characteristics of irregular pollutants influenced by combustion conditions (mixture flow rate, equivalence ratio, temperature and pressure). The numerical simulation has established elementary reaction chemical kinetic models of these oxygenated fuels with flat, counter-flow, long-pipe reactor premixed flame respectively. It has analyzed high-temperature and lower-temperature oxidation process and reproduced the experimental results. This project focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the oxygen migration path in oxygenated-fuels combustion process, and it illustrates how the oxygen element from fuels to influence the formation and consumption of irregular pollutants. It indicates the structural differences of the oxygen element from fuel plays an important role in irregular pollutants formation, and it also clarifies the distinction of oxygen element from fuel and oxidant. The research results provide useful theoretical guidance and design basis for development of high-efficient and clean combustion technology of oxygenated-fuels..

英文关键词： Oxygenated fuels;Combustion;Irregular pollutants;Formaldeyde; Cynchrotron radiation