北京地区霾的垂直结构及边界层特征的影响研究

项目名称： 北京地区霾的垂直结构及边界层特征的影响研究

项目编号： No.41305130

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 赵秀娟

作者单位： 中国气象局北京城市气象研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 随着国民经济的快速发展和城市化进程的加快，人类活动产生的气溶胶细粒子导致我国许多大城市霾污染事件频繁出现，城市地区下垫面性质的改变也造成了城市边界层特征发生了变化。对霾垂直结构的观测研究是深入认识霾污染特征及其形成机制的关键，而大气边界层特征对霾的垂直分布及形成起着重要的作用。本项目拟利用气溶胶激光雷达、风廓线雷达和微波辐射计等垂直探测设备，结合地面气溶胶粒度谱仪、浊度仪和黑碳仪等，在北京城区开展气溶胶物理光学特性及气象要素的连续观测。通过分析研究揭示北京地区不同类型霾的垂直结构及其变化规律，给出不同类型霾天大气边界层动力、热力结构特征；同时结合系留气艇观测，确定边界层结构与局地环流对霾垂直分布及其形成的影响。本研究结果可为气溶胶的气候效应和改进霾预报技术方法研究提供科学支持。

中文关键词： 霾；边界层；垂直结构；地形作用；区域输送

英文摘要： With the rapid development of the economy and urbanization, the haze phenomenon occurs more frequently in large cities in China due to the the high concentrations of anthropogenic aerosol particles. The variation of underlying layer in urban area has resulted in the change of boundary layer structure. It is important to study the vertical structure of haze for understanding the property and formation mechanism of haze pollution. The vertical variation of haze and its formation are closely related to the structure of boundary layer. In this study, vertical measurement of aerosol optical properties and meteorological elements will be conducted contiously in Beijing urban area using aerosol lidar, wind profile lidar and microwave radiometer etc.. The vertical structure of haze and its variation in Beijing urban area will be investigated according to the different haze type in this study. The dynamical and thermal structure of boundary layer in different type of haze will be studied. The impact of the boundary layer structure and local circulation on the vertical distribution and formationof haze will be analyzed with tethered-balloon observations. The results of this study can provide scientific support to further research of climate effect of aerosol and improve the forecast technique of haze.

英文关键词： haze；boundary layer；vertical structure；topography effect；regional transport