超声手术刀界面能量特征驱动感知机理研究

项目名称： 超声手术刀界面能量特征驱动感知机理研究

项目编号： No.51305018

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 秦威

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 用于微创手术的超声手术刀的超声能量多为开环控制系统提供，手术质量与医生的操作技术水平密切相关，能量控制不当极易造成手术部位急剧温升而烧焦，亟待开发新型具有能量控制能力的超声手术刀。由于测温部位是刀头与人体组织的接触面，微创手术又面对的是狭窄空间，这给实现测温智能反馈控制提出了难题。本项目提出利用超声驱动系统中超声换能器对负载阻抗变化具有灵敏感知的电学特性的原理，不依赖传感器测量手术部位温度的方法。其基本思路是：建立摩擦、内耗和空化三种温升方式下手术区域温度变化与超声换能器负载阻抗之间的对应关系，在不使用传感器的情况下，直接通过测量换能器的电学阻抗而获得手术区的温度。探索无传感器的感知方法和技术，对于手术医疗设备的智能化、小型化具有重要科学意义和实用价值，对于其他工业领域功率超声加工水平的提高也具有十分重要的意义。

中文关键词： 超声手术刀；界面能量特征；驱动感知；超声空化；

英文摘要： Most of harmonic scalpel systems for minimally invasive surgery are open-loop controlled. So the quality of surgery is closely related to the operating technical level of the doctors. If energy is not properly controlled, tissues can be easily charred because of high temperature at the surgical site. The novel harmonic scalpel, which has energy-control-capability, need to be developed urgently. There is only a narrow space between harmonic scalpel and tissues in the minimally invasive surgery so that most of sensors can not be used to measure temperature there. This is a very difficult problems for intelligent feedback control. A method that we can use load impedance of ultrasonic transducers to achieve the temperature without any sensors is proposed in this project. The basic idea is creating a kind of correspondence with three temperature ways from friction, internal friction and cavitation and then obtaining the temperature of the surgical area by measuring transducer electrical impedance without any sensors. This method has important scientific significance and practical value for the intelligent surgical medical equipment, and also has a very important significance for raising the level of the power ultrasonic machining in other industrial areas.

英文关键词： harmonic scalpel；interface energy feature；driven perception；Ultrasonic cavitation；