基于公共衍生大数据分析的政府决策过程重构与评估方法研究

项目名称： 基于公共衍生大数据分析的政府决策过程重构与评估方法研究

项目编号： No.71473143

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 张楠

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 60万元

中文摘要： 随着信息通信技术发展与数据激增，由网络舆情、政策文本与系统生成数据等构成的公共衍生大数据对政府决策的重要价值日益受到关注。如何有效分析利用数据、改善政府决策过程是当前研究与实践面临的全新挑战。本项目从概率主题建模、情感分析等文本数据挖掘基础方法的探索与完善入手，围绕公共政策议题针对公共衍生大数据进行综合分析与知识挖掘，基于分析结果探索政府决策模式与决策过程的重构策略，并通过引入公共选择模拟与社会计算构建相应的决策效果评估机制。项目融合实证研究与行动研究范式，围绕技术方法探索与场景应用的结合，知识发现与过程重构的结合，机制设计与效果评估的结合，通过三重循环、多次迭代实现对研究问题层层深入的剖析。项目尝试初步回答如何由大数据驱动政府决策过程的科学化演进这一科学问题。预期成果不仅将对政府决策与政策过程相关理论的完善有所贡献，对政府部门政策制定、舆情应对及管理变革也将具有实践指导意义。

中文关键词： 公共衍生大数据；政府决策；公共政策过程；网络舆情；社会计算

英文摘要： With the development of information and communication technology and sharply-increased data, the great value of public generated big data that includes internet public opinion, policy text and system generated data demand more attentions. The issues that how to effectively analysis and use those data, and improve government decision making process are new challenges to both academia and practictioners. This project starts from exploring and improving basic methods such as probability of topic modeling, sentiment analysis and some other other text data mining methods, focuses on public policy issues to comprehensively analyze and mine knowledge of public generated big data. Based on the analysis results to explore the government decision mode and decision process restructure strategy, the project brings public choice simulation and social computing to structure corresponding decision evaluation mechanism. The project integrates empirical and action research paradigm, conducts with the three combination loop, which are the one betwwen technology exploration and situational application, the one between knowledge discovery and process restructure, and the one between mechanism design and performance evaluation. With those triple loops and multiple iterations, it can implement layers of in-depth analyses to the research problem. The project tries to answer the scientific question that how to drive scientific evolution of government decision making process. Expected results will not only have contribution to the improvement of the theories of the government decision making and related policy process, but also have practical and guiding significance to decision making, public opinion reply and management reform in the government departments practice.

英文关键词： Public Generated Big Data;Government Decision-making;Public Policy Process;Online Public Opinion;Social Computing