基于无线传感器网络的协作波束形成技术研究

项目名称： 基于无线传感器网络的协作波束形成技术研究

项目编号： No.61201275

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 电子学与信息系统

项目作者： 黄际彦

作者单位： 电子科技大学

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 协作波束形成技术是无线传感器网络的关键技术，近年来得到了广泛研究。现有的无线传感器网络协作波束形成技术存在以下局限性：（1）相位同步所需的节点定位算法都是基于直达波假设；（2）没有考虑同步误差和复杂噪声；（3）节点选择算法运算量大，不适合无线传感器网络；（4）性能分析都是基于特定的节点位置分布。针对以上问题，本项目拟开展以下研究：首先提出高精度的非直达波节点定位算法，解决现有同步算法相位同步精度不高的问题，并推导节点定位问题的克拉美罗下界，为同步误差建模奠定基础；然后发展对同步误差和复杂噪声联合稳健的无线传感器网络协作波束形成算法；再次考虑网络能量受限问题，提出基于稀疏约束的低运算量节点选择算法，与之前所提出的稳健波束形成算法结合降低波束形成功率消耗；最后建立适应任意节点分布的协作波束形成性能分析体系。通过上述研究，推动无线传感器网络协作波束形成技术的广泛应用。

中文关键词： 无线传感器网络；协作波束形成；同步误差；非高斯噪声；无线定位

英文摘要： Collaborative beamforming is a key technique in wireless sensor networks and has been widely studied in the last few years. Main limits of the existing collaborative beamforming include: (1) all of node localization algorithms required for phase synchronization are based on the assumption of light-of-sight propagation;(2) the synchronization error and non-Gaussian noise haven't been considered;(3)node selection methods with large computational burden are not sutiable for wireless sensor networks;(4)performance analysis of collaborative beamforming is based on some specific node distributions. The following research works will be performed in this project for solving the above problems: node location methods with the high positioning accuracy for non-light-of-sight propagation will be proposed first for pefect phase synchronization and the corresponding CRLB will also be derived for non-light-of-sight situation which can help to model the synchronization error. Subsequently, a novel collaborative beamformer considering both of synchronization error and non-Gaussian noise will be developed.With the proposed collaborative beamforming approach, a node selection approach based on sparse constraint will be designed for reducing the powe consumption in wireless sensor networks. The proposed node selection approach can

英文关键词： wireless sensor networks；collaborative beamforming；synchronization error；non-Gaussian noise；mobile location