基于DEM数据的河流裂点识别

项目名称： 基于DEM数据的河流裂点识别

项目编号： No.41302173

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 魏占玉

作者单位： 中国地震局地质研究所

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 河流裂点的发育往往受控于流域盆地地区岩性差异，以及差异性的构造抬升或者气候变化和河流袭夺而引起的侵蚀基准面下降，河流裂点相关研究不但成为理解相应地貌单元地表过程的重要依据，也将为研究不同构造、气候背景条件下河流裂点的发育和溯源迁移过程提供重要依据。然而由于缺乏高效、客观的各成因裂点识别方法和判别标准而限制了裂点的广泛应用和相应研究成果的可靠性，因此建立准确的各成因裂点识别方法是利用河流裂点进行河流地貌演化、区域构造活动和气候变化等研究中不能回避的基本问题。本项目拟从各成因河流裂点空间分布特征及裂点形态特征入手，基于野外裂点调查和高精度DEM数据分析，建立识别和区分流域盆地内不同成因裂点的可靠方法，为后续深入探讨地表过程如何响应构造和气候外动力提供可靠基础数据。

中文关键词： 河流裂点；古地震；数字高程模型；构造地貌；

英文摘要： Development of the knickpoint in drainage basin is usually controlled by the lithologic difference. Transient knickzones may be generated by differential uplift, and/or base level change due to eustatic change of sea level or drainage network capture. Studies related to knickpoint not only are fundamental to understanding the manner in which landscapes respond to external perturbations, but also provide fundamental technique for investigating the upstream recession of transient knickpoints under various tectonic and climatic forcing. However, the lack of standards method and model to identify different genetic knickpoints limits the widespread use of knickpoints and the reliability of results. So it is a unavoidable basic problem in studies in geomorphologic changes, tectonics and climate changes to establish an identification method of knickpoints. This fund starts by summarizing the characteristic of different genetic knickpoints in terms of spatial distribution and morphology, and main purpose is to establish one reliable identification method to different genetic knickpoints in drainage basin based on field survey and numerical analysis of Digital Elevation Model (DEM). This study provides essential data to understanding on the response of earth surface processes to various tectonic and climatic forcing.

英文关键词： River knickpoint；paleo-earthquake；Digital elevation model；tectonic geomorphology；