小麦芒长抑制基因B1的精细定位及其调控芒发育相关基因的分离

项目名称： 小麦芒长抑制基因B1的精细定位及其调控芒发育相关基因的分离

项目编号： No.U1304318

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 王黎明

作者单位： 河南科技大学

项目金额： 31万元

中文摘要： 麦芒是小麦进化与适应环境的产物，既可作为小麦品种特性之一，又是小麦穗部重要的光合器官，在水分与矿物质营养向籽粒的运转、籽粒灌浆以及产量形成中起关键作用。开展芒性相关性状的遗传、发育及其功能等研究，是小麦遗传育种重要研究内容。 本研究在对获得的一对仅芒长长度存在差异的近等基因系进行遗传分析的基础上，证明该性状受小麦5AL染色体末端芒长抑制基因B1控制；研究以该系为材料，利用分子标记技术对构建的芒长分离群体进行BSA分析，绘制B1基因区段间高密度连锁图谱，筛选并开发出与之紧密连锁、特异的分子标记，对其进行精细定位；利用生物芯片、cDNA-AFLP、RACE等技术分离B1调控芒发育的相关基因，并对相关基因进行实时定量PCR验证与GO注释分析，初步阐明B1调控芒发育的作用机理。该研究对建立B1分子标记辅助选择体系具有重要的应用价值，对于了解B1调控芒发育的分子机制也具有重要理论意义。

中文关键词： 普通小麦；芒抑制基因B1；近等基因系；super-BSA；转录组测序

英文摘要： Wheat awnedness, the product of natural evolution and its adaptations to environment, is one of wheat cultivar characteristics. At the same time, it acts as a high effective organ for photosynthesis and plays a major role in the course of water and mineral transportation to kernels, grain filling and elaboration of yield in wheat. Therefore, it is very important to conduct the research on the inheritance of awnedness related genes and their effects on the development of awn, especially for wheat genetics and breeding. In the study, the near-isogenic lines (NILs) with highly consistent genetic background and the only different awn length were produced. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the awn length of the NILs was controlled by the awn inhibitor gene B1, located on the long arm of 5A chromosome of common wheat. Molecular markers technology and bulked segregation analysis (BSA) were used to screen for specific markers linked with gene B1 in the awn length segregation populations derived from the NILs. To complete its fine mapping, high density linkage map of gene B1 on 5A chromosome will be constructed and novel molecular markers for gene B1 will be developed. The genes mediated by awn inhibitor gene B1 in awn differentiation stage, will be dissected by virtue of the technology of gene chip, cDNA-amplifie

英文关键词： Common wheat；Awn inhibitor gene B1；Near-isogenic lines；Super-BSA；Transcriptome sequencing