利用新颖微纳结构提高光伏和光热伏太阳能电池的效率

项目名称： 利用新颖微纳结构提高光伏和光热伏太阳能电池的效率

项目编号： No.91233208

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 何赛灵

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 300万元

中文摘要： 光伏和光热伏太阳能电池是实现太阳能转换成电能的两种有效手段，然而太阳光吸收效率普遍偏低成为制约其光电转换效率的主要因素，直接影响它们的推广和应用。基于此，本项目研究面向光伏和光热伏太阳能电池应用的新颖微纳结构，旨在借助先进微纳光学理论提高它们对太阳光的收集及吸收效率，进而提高其光电转换效率。除了光学研究以外，对于光伏太阳能电池，我们还将建立光电物理模型探讨其电学行为；对于光热伏太阳能电池，我们还将对吸波器的辐射谱进行合理调控，并构建光热物理模型揭示吸波器中热能的传导行为。从而揭示相应太阳能电池的光电转换物理机理，从光、热/电等方面优化设计新颖的微纳结构。最后，采用先进的微纳制备工艺对微纳结构及相应的光伏/光热伏太阳能电池进行探索制作，从实验上验证微纳结构在光和电两方面的有效性，开发新颖的太阳能电池。本项目有望为太阳能产业提供新颖的、有效的理论和技术方法。

中文关键词： 微纳结构；太阳能电池；太阳光吸收；光电转换；光热转换

英文摘要： Photovoltaics and photothermovoltaics are two main means to convert sunlight into electricity. However, power conversion efficiencies of these solar cells are usually very low largely due to their quite inefficient sunlight absorptions. Therefore, we propose to develop novel micro-/nano-structures for these solar cells to greatly improve their sunlight absorption and thus the power conversion efficiencies. Besides the optical investigation, an opto-electronic model is incorporated to investigate the electronic behavior for photovoltaics. For photothermovoltaics, radiation from absorbers will be reasonably controlled and tuned on one hand; on the other hand, the heat conduct in the absorbers will be studied with an opto-thermal modeling. By investigating these physical mechanisms of opto-electric conversion, novel micro/nano structures will be designed and optimized for corresponding solar cells from both optical and electronic (or thermal) aspects. Finally, these structures will be fabricated with advanced micro/nano technologies. Optical and electrical performance testing will be performed to verify the theoretical efficiencies. The present proposal can be expected to provide novel and high-efficiency technologies for the solar industry.

英文关键词： Micro-/Nano-Structures；Solar Cells；Sunlight Absorption；Opto-Electric Conversion；Opto-Thermal Conversion