项目名称: 高分辨率和全极化SAR冰川制图研究
项目编号: No.41201447
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 地理学
项目作者: 田帮森
作者单位: 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 冰川是全球变化的敏感因子,利用高分辨率和全极化SAR对冰川进行监测对全球能量和物质平衡研究具有重要意义。我国境内的冰川大多分布在山区或高原,这些地区起伏的地形和多变的气候等环境因素不仅影响冰川的分布和变化,而且对SAR信息提取理论和技术在冰川区的应用提出了新的要求,如SAR地形纠正等。为了提高SAR冰川制图定位精度,本课题首先围绕极化SAR的地形纠正开展研究,一方面通过研究高分辨率SAR图像配准和数据融合技术提高DEM的提取精度,另一方面发展针对极化SAR数据的辐射和极化信息纠正算法;为了提高SAR在冰川区的分类制图精度,本课题将以积雪辐射传输模型为基础,研究冰川区不同积雪状态下的散射机制和散射特征,并通过散射机制识别与区分和图像纹理分析相结合的方法提高冰川带分类精度;最后通过观测试验研究冰川特征、变化规律及影响因素,为全球变化研究提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 冰川;合成孔径雷达;图像分割;散射机制;湖冰
英文摘要: Glacier is the sensitivity factor for global change, it is significant to observe the mountain glacier with high resolution and polarimetric SAR for global energy and material balance research. In our country, these glaciers are distributed mainly over mountainous region or plateau.The undulating terrain, varied climate and other environmental factors in these areas not only affect the distribution and change of glaciers but also bring forward some new requirements for SAR information extraction theory and technologies(e.g. SAR terrain correction). In order to improve the geometric positioning accuracy of glacier mapping with SAR, this research is made first on polarimetric SAR terrain correction, on the one hand,there are some needs to resesarch the new SAR image registration and data fusion technology to improve the accuracy of DEM extraction, on the other hand,develop the polarimetric SAR correction algorithm for radiation and polarization information. Secondly, in order to improve the classification accuracy of glacier mapping with SAR, the subject of scattering mechanisms and characteristics of snow will be researched based on the radiative transfer model. The new method will be proposed to refine the classification accuracy of glacier by identifing and distinguishing different scattering mechanisms and ima
英文关键词: glacier;SAR;image segmentation;scattering mechanism;lake ice