拔节孕穗期低温冷害对小麦生长发育及产量形成影响的模拟研究

项目名称： 拔节孕穗期低温冷害对小麦生长发育及产量形成影响的模拟研究

项目编号： No.31301234

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 刘蕾蕾

作者单位： 南京农业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 针对拔节孕穗期低温胁迫下小麦生产力预测的不足与迫切需求，通过在全自动人工气候室实施自然温度日变化规律下不同低温胁迫处理的小麦盆栽试验，研究拔节至孕穗期不同低温时期、低温水平、低温持续时间及其互作对小麦生长发育及产量形成的影响；结合已有的试验和文献资料，利用系统分析方法和动态建模技术，量化拔节孕穗期低温胁迫下小麦幼穗分化、植株衰老、同化物生产、同化物分配及产量形成的动态特征，并基于课题组已有的小麦生长模型WheatGrow，构建拔节孕穗期低温冷害下小麦生长发育及产量形成的模拟模型，同时利用独立的低温胁迫下的小麦试验资料对所建模型进行检验和完善；最后结合GIS技术和未来气候情景，分析未来气候条件下拔节孕穗期低温胁迫对我国小麦主产区产量形成的影响。研究结果将为未来气候条件下我国小麦的安全生产及适应性对策的制定提供量化工具与技术途径。

中文关键词： 气候变化；低温胁迫；小麦；拔节孕穗期；作物模型

英文摘要： According to the shortage and urgent demand on the prediction of wheat productivity under low-temperature stress from jointing to booting stage, a series of wheat pot experiments under low temperature stress were carried out below the daily variation rule of natural temperature in the artificial climate chamber. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of different treatment stages, levels and durations of low temperature and their combinations on wheat growth development and productivity. Then, based on the existing experiments data and literatures, and by using system ayalysis and dynamic modeling method, the dynamic characteristics of young spike differentiation, plant senescence, production of assimilate, distribution of assimilate and yield formation in wheat will be quantified. Furthermore, on the basis of the existing simulation model 'WheatGrow', the wheat growth development and yield formation model under low-temperature stress from jointing to booting stage will be developed. Finally, by combining with the GIS technology and future climate scenarios, the effects of low-temperature stress between jointing and booting stages in the main wheat production areas of China under the future climate conditions can be quantified. The results will provide quantitative tools and technical appro

英文关键词： Climate Change；Cold Stress；Wheat；Jointing and Booting Stage；Crop Model