心理健康的社会网络效应及其机制-基于灾后社区与普通社区的对照研究

项目名称： 心理健康的社会网络效应及其机制-基于灾后社区与普通社区的对照研究

项目编号： No.71273255

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 张镇

作者单位： 中国科学院心理研究所

项目金额： 54万元

中文摘要： 重大自然灾难或创伤事件（如地震，海啸）不仅直接危及人的健康，还会通过破坏长期形成的社会关系网间接影响个体的心理社会功能。社会网络对心理健康的影响表现在两个方面：（1）社会网络结构效应，即心理健康受到个体网络规模、个体网络中心度、整体网络中心度、关系互惠性等社会网络结构特征的影响；（2）社会网络传递效应，即个体间的心理状况会通过彼此的关系连接而相互影响，并将这种影响扩散到网络内的其他关系人。诱导、选择和共同环境机制被用来解释这种网络传递现象。本项目拟以灾后新建社区和普通社区为整体网络单元，以社区居民为对象，动态考察社会网络与心理健康的关系，具体分析：社会网络结构特征对于心理健康的影响，心理健康在社会网络中的传递规律及其机制，以及灾后新社区环境下网络形成过程对于心理健康的影响。此项目的开展可以丰富国内外灾害心理学和社区心理学理论，有助于完善以社区为中心的中长期心理干预和科学管理。

中文关键词： 社会网络；社会参与；选择效应与选择效应；社区；心理健康

英文摘要： Serious natural disasters and traumatic events, such as earthquake and tsunami, not only directly threaten health of survivors, but also indirectly affect their psychological and social functions through destroying the established social relationship and social network. The effect of social network on mental health is often exhibited in two respects. (1) Structural effect of social network, which means that one person's mental health is affected by the properties and structures of relationship network which he or she embedded in. These structural properties of social network include, for example, scale of network, individual centrality and whole centrality of social network and reciprocity of relationship. (2) Spread effect of social network, which means that mental health status of one person affect that of another one by relationship tie between them, which further lead the spread of mental health across network ties. There are three mechanisms are used to explain this spread effect: induction, homophily and shared environment. Using the post-disaster newly built neighborhoods and common neighborhoods as whole social networks, and sampling the residents who have settled in these neighborhoods as network ties, the current project aims to examine the interaction of mental health and relationship network by cross

英文关键词： social network；social participation；selection and influence process；community；mental health