基于强震动记录的地面变形和震源过程研究

项目名称： 基于强震动记录的地面变形和震源过程研究

项目编号： No.51208234

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑环境与结构工程学科

项目作者： 彭小波

作者单位： 江苏省地震局

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 强震动观测和研究为防震减灾提供基础数据，目前对于强震动记录的应用主要是峰值和反应谱，而汶川地震等地震表明近断层区域会发生较大的地面倾斜和永久位移，但目前缺少对其系统的研究。同时由于断层破裂过程复杂，利用长周期远场测震数据反演的震源结果难以较好地模拟对破裂过程高度依赖的近断层强震动场。本研究拟利用中强震和大震的强震动数据，研究以地面倾斜和同震位移为主的近断层地面变形，系统的分析地面变形同震级、破裂分布以及断层距等的关系，并结合三维并行有限元计算和非线性反演方法，使用同工程更相关、震源信息更丰富的强震数据来反演以汶川地震为例的震源破裂过程，分析反演的不确定性和优化策略，研究造成局部强震动高能量的激发机理，并利用反演结果来模拟汶川地震近断层强震动场和变形场。该研究将增加对强震动特性的认识并扩大强震动数据的应用范围，并将加深和完善对于地震震源过程及其效应的认识，促进强震地震学的发展。

中文关键词： 基线校正；同震位移；地面倾斜；震源反演；强震动场

英文摘要： The observation and research of strong motion provides the essential data for the seismic disaster prevention and reduction. At present, the peak value and response spectrum of strong motion are mainly employed in engineering practice. However, there is lack of systematic study on the ground tilting and coseismic ground displacement in near-fault area, which are obvious observed in some strong earthquakes,for example,Wenchuan earthquake. Meanwhile, for the complication of the source process, the inferred results of earthquake source by using the long period teleseismic data is hard to truely simulate the near-fault strong motion field, which is highly dependent on the fault rupture process. Based on the near fault strong motion database of mediate and strong earthquakes, the near-fault ground deformation mainly including the ground tilts and coseismic displacement will be estimated in this project. And the relationship between ground deformation and earthquake magnitude, major rupture distribution, fault distance will be systematically studied. With the combination of parallel finite element calculation and nonlinear inverse method, the inversion of rupture process using strong motion data,which is more engineering related and richer of souce information, will be researched and will applied in Wenchuan earthquak

英文关键词： baseline correction；coseismic displacement；ground tilting；source inversion；strong motion field