青藏高原表层土壤湿度卫星微波遥感研究

项目名称： 青藏高原表层土壤湿度卫星微波遥感研究

项目编号： No.41275033

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王磊

作者单位： 成都信息工程学院

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 基于卫星微波辐射传输理论，利用高级微波扫描辐射计(AMSR-E)和土壤湿度与海水盐度（SMOS）辐射计亮温资料，构建适用于青藏高原的表层土壤湿度遥感模型，以获得青藏高原土壤湿度遥感产品序列，研究青藏高原土壤湿度的变化特征和演变规律，探讨土壤湿度与气候及水资源的相互作用关系。首先，在申请者原有土壤湿度卫星遥感模型基础上，保持植被光学厚度参数化方案，对地表粗糙度参数化进一步改进，运用辐射传输方程对土壤湿度参数进行迭代求解，估算出土壤湿度。然后，利用野外土壤湿度观测网络资料对土壤湿度遥感产品进行验证，分析遥感模型的可靠性和误差，以提高模型的估算精度。最后，利用土壤湿度遥感产品并结合水文气象台站观测资料，研究青藏高原土壤湿度的变化特征和演变规律，揭示土壤湿度与气候和水资源的相互关系。该项目的研究对于认识青藏高原地表水分变化过程的机制和保护高原脆弱的生态环境有着重要意义。

中文关键词： 微波遥感；土壤湿度；气候；青藏高原；水循环

英文摘要： Based on the microwave radiative transfer theory , using the brightness temperature measurements of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS（AMSR-E）and the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), a satellite remote sensing model suitable to the Tibetan Plateau will be established. This model will be applied to conduct soil moisture products on the Tibetan Plateau. First, based on the satellite remote sensing model for soil moisture by the applicant, the parameterization scheme of optical depth will be preserved and the parameterization scheme of surface roughness will be improved. Soil moistures will be estimated through the radiative transfer equation by iterative solutions. The soil moistures will be compared with two in-situ soil moisture reference networks to validate the reliability of the model. Finally, using the soil moisture estimates and hydrological and meteorological data，the characteristics dynamics of soil moisture over the region and the interaction relationship between the soil moisture and climate change and water resources will be explored. The research work will prove valuable for better understanding of the mechanisms of surface water change processes on the Tibetan Plateau and protecting the fragile plateau ecological environment.

英文关键词： Microwave remote sensing；soil moisture；climate；the Tibetan Pleteao；water resource