项目名称: 西藏班戈绒山羊高海拔环境适应性的遗传分析
项目编号: No.31272403
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 农业科学
项目作者: 马月辉
作者单位: 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所
项目金额: 81万元
中文摘要: 西藏班戈绒山羊是在高海拔地区经过长期自然选择和人工驯养的我国特有地方品种,对高海拔地区低压、低氧、严寒等恶劣气候环境有良好的适应能力,而其高海拔环境适应性的分子机制仍不明确。本研究拟对西藏班戈绒山羊以及其他两个生活在不同海拔地区和生态环境中的绒山羊群体(辽宁绒山羊和内蒙古绒山羊)三个群体,进行基因组编码区SNP位点扫描,经中性检验分析寻找自然和人工选择压力在西藏班戈绒山羊基因组上留下的特殊痕迹,鉴定选择信号所在区域内的发生适应性突变的主要基因以及这些基因所在的调控通路,从而在全基因组范围内,从分子水平上解释西藏绒山羊在漫长的进化过程中所形成的独特的形态生理特征以及对高海拔环境适应性的机理。这对优良畜禽资源的保护和利用,发展高原畜牧养殖事业具有十分重要的指导意义。
中文关键词: 高海拔;环境适应性;山羊;心血管;基因组学
英文摘要: Bange cashimere goat is a breed of precious species surviving in plateau and frigid environment in Bange of Tibetan, where average altitude is 4745 meters, and has acquired resistance through their natural selection and domestication selection. How their adaption phenotype form under selection ongoing is still not known clearly. To characterize the genetic consequence of both selection and domestication, we will genotype SNP in cashmere goats from three diverse altitude regions. The associated SNP and region response to the special environment will be screened by neutral test during the process of natural selection and domestication selection. Major regulative genes and their pathway related to adaptive mutation will be identified.On the whole, the genomic analysis of high-altitude adaptation of Tibetan Bange cashmere goat are not only important in illustrating the adaptation mechanism of Tibetan Bange cashmere goats to high altitude adaption, but also of highly instructive significance for livestock breeding in plateau.
英文关键词: high-altitude;adaptation;goat;cardiovascular;genomics