地面激光雷达与设计数据正逆向结合的建筑物三维重建技术

项目名称： 地面激光雷达与设计数据正逆向结合的建筑物三维重建技术

项目编号： No.41501495

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 张瑞菊

作者单位： 北京建筑大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 用激光雷达技术解决建筑质量与变形监测、精细三维重建等问题是当今学术热点问题之一，但建筑结构形状复杂且激光雷达点云具有数据量大、离散性、噪声和漏洞严重等特性，这些因素成为制约该技术深入推广的主要瓶颈。本项目以地面激光雷达点云和建筑设计数据为研究对象，将基于设计数据制作的三维正向模型蕴含的语义、几何等信息作为先验知识，研究正逆向结合三维重建中的关键方法。主要内容包括：为满足一体化管理正向模型与点云需求的数据模型设计研究；基于广义同名特征的点云与正向模型配准方法研究；基于正向模型先验知识的点云语义分割方法研究；基于结构力学知识的建筑变形量计算方法研究；基于可变形模型技术的现势性精细三维建模方法研究。以VS2010和OpenGL为开发工具，应用多种风格的建筑激光雷达点云和设计数据，设计开发实验原型系统并进行算法验证。本研究成果为古建筑文物保护、BIM、城市规划管理等深度应用提供理论和方法支持。

中文关键词： 地面激光雷达；三维重建；正逆向结合；点云分割；变形分析

英文摘要： Nowadays quality, deformation monitoring and fine 3D reconstruction of architecture used by LIDAR are one of the hot academic issues. But some factors including complicated architecture shape and properties of LIDAR data such as large-data, discreteness, including noise and holes etc. have become the key bottleneck to limit LIDAR to being deeply applied. T-LIDAR data and design data of architecture are taken as object of study in this proposal. Knowledge about semantic and geometry implied in forward 3D model according to design data is used to direct LIDAR point clouds processing. Key methods by forward and reverse method studied in this proposal are as follows: designing a data model managing forward 3D model and point clouds together; studying on data registration between forward model and point clouds by general same features; researching on point clouds semantic segmentation according to knowledge implied in forward model; studying on the method to compute the shape distortion value by structural mechanics; researching on timely fine 3D reconstruction by deformable model technology. T-LIDAR data and design data of several styles of architecture are used to validate the feasibility and the effectiveness of management theory and methods above by the prototype system using VS2010 and OpenGL as development tools. The research provided supports of theory and methods for deeply application of conservation of historical buildings , BIM, urban 3D models and etc.

英文关键词： Terrestrial LIDAR;3D Reconstruction;Reverse Engineering Combining with Forward ;Point Clouds Segmentation;Deformation Analysis