氮掺杂炭功能化碳纳米管的制备及其在燃料电池电催化中的应用

项目名称： 氮掺杂炭功能化碳纳米管的制备及其在燃料电池电催化中的应用

项目编号： No.21303134

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 吴伯华

作者单位： 西安科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 贵金属纳米粒子/碳纳米管纳米复合物作为一种重要的燃料电池电催化剂，由于存在贵金属纳米粒子在碳纳米管表面分散性差、颗粒尺寸大、长期运行稳定性差等问题一直严重阻碍其实际应用。本项目采取高温碳化离子液体聚合物功能化碳纳米管制备氮掺杂炭功能化碳纳米管（CNTs@CNx），利用氮掺杂炭优良的导电性以及氮原子对贵金属离子的配位与锚定作用来实现Pt和PtRu纳米粒子在碳纳米管表面的高分散、小粒径和稳定化，并解决碳纳米管非共价功能化方法中修饰剂阻碍电催化反应电子通道、"污染"催化剂表面导致贵金属催化剂的活性和利用效率降低的问题。选择氧气还原和甲醇氧化为模型反应，通过系统研究载体的结构、化学组成、物化性质对贵金属催化剂活性和稳定性的影响，发现载体与贵金属纳米粒子之间的相互作用原理，制备出一种具有低成本、高电催化活性和优良稳定性的贵金属纳米粒子/碳纳米管纳米复合物，为直接甲醇燃料电池设计和提供新型电催化剂。

中文关键词： 贵金属纳米粒子；碳纳米管；氮掺杂碳；功能化；电催化

英文摘要： Noble metal nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanohybrid is one of important electrocatalyts for fuel cells. However, their practical applications have been impeded seriously by some problems such as the large particle size and poor dispersion of noble metal nanoparticles on CNTs surface, the poor long-time operation stability of the nanohybrids, and so on. In this project, nitrogen-doped carbon (CNx)-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs@CNx) were synthesized by carbonized ionic liquid polymer (PIL)-functionalized CNTs (CNTs-PIL). Due to the excellent electrical conductivity of nitrogen-doped carbon and the coordination and anchor effect between their nitrogen atom and noble metal ion, Pt and PtRu NPs were successfully achieved high dispersion, small particle size and stabilized on CNTs@CNx surface, and solve the problem of carbon nanotube non-covalent functionalization method that the modifier hinders the electronic channels of electrocatalytic reaction and pollutes catalyst surface which significantly reduces the noble metal catalyst activity and utilization efficiency. Selecting the oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation as the model reaction, systemically studied the impact of carrier materials structure, chemical composition, physical and chemical properties on the activity and stability of the noble

英文关键词： Nobel Metal Nanoparticle；Carbon Nanotube；Nitrogen-doped Carbon；Functionalization；Electrocatalysis