固体材料中的激射机理与超荧光研究

项目名称： 固体材料中的激射机理与超荧光研究

项目编号： No.11474365

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 丘志仁

作者单位： 中山大学

项目金额： 105万元

中文摘要： 固体材料中广泛观察到的激射现象的机理比较复杂，与超荧光的关系还没有真正确立。超荧光是量子光学领域一种最基本的物理现象，它是高密度激发态自发相干作用后产生的强合作发射。气体超荧光已经被很好地研究和认识，其特点包括时间延迟，量子起伏和噪音，量子拍频等等。而固体超荧光却还几乎没有被认识到，这是因为固体系统中光学跃迁的退相时间（T2*）太短，通常几皮秒到飞秒量级，使得超荧光时间延迟过程较短，并且现有的一般时间分辨技术很难清晰分辨出来。 本项目将使用飞秒分辨荧光上转换技术，用200fs左右时间分辨精度对GaN, InGaN, GaAs, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe等III-V和II-VI族宽带半导体材料中的激射过程进行系统研究，希望找到足够的实验证据证明这些固体激射实际上是超荧光，进而说明固体超荧光普遍存在。本项目的研究对产生新型相干、超短和超强激光脉冲源具有重要应用意义。

中文关键词： 光与物质相互作用；超荧光；量子相干；超快光谱；激射

英文摘要： The mechanism of extensively observed lasing from solid material is complicated, its relation to superfluorescence has not been established yet. Superfluorescence is one of the fundamental phenomena in quantum optics, it is the intense emission from spontaneous coherence of high density excited states. Superfluorescence in gas system has been widely studied, with characteristics of time delay, quantum fluctuation and noise, quantum beating etc. However, superfluorescence from solid has been hardly realized, due to the very short dephasing time, usually from a couple of picoseconds to femtoseconds, determines a short time delay which can not easily resolved by ordinary measurement technique. Here we propose a systematic study of lasing from III-V and II-VI broadband semiconductors like GaN, InGaN, GaAs, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe etc., by employing femtosecond fluorescence upconversion technique with a resolution of ～200 fs. The aim is to collect sufficient evidence for superfluorescence from these materials, furthermore, these altogether will show that the superfluorescence from solid exists extensively, and is more common than what expected previously.This research project has important application significance for producing new coherent ultrashort and ultraintense laser pulse source.

英文关键词： The interaction of light and matter;Superfluorescence;Quantum coherence;Ultrafast spectroscopy;Lasing