蚂蚁在西双版纳不同演替阶段热带森林土壤二氧化碳排放中的作用及其机制

项目名称： 蚂蚁在西双版纳不同演替阶段热带森林土壤二氧化碳排放中的作用及其机制

项目编号： No.41461052

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 王邵军

作者单位： 西南林业大学

项目金额： 51万元

中文摘要： 西双版纳热带雨林是我国蚂蚁分布最为丰富的地区，蚂蚁筑巢及取食活动能够引起土壤理化性质、微生物多样性及呼吸、土壤碳矿化的显著改变，从而影响土壤CO2排放动态。以西双版纳不同演替阶段4种热带森林为实验样地，研究蚁丘分布格局及蚂蚁多样性对土壤CO2排放（碱液吸收法与Li6400－09的多样点测定）的影响；同时选择各样地3种蚂蚁主要优势种为研究对象：①静态箱－气相色谱法测定蚂蚁巢穴与非巢地土壤CO2释放，分析蚂蚁引起土壤理化性质改变对CO2排放的影响，结合野外排除实验确定蚂蚁对土壤CO2排放的贡献率；②Biolog 微平板法、室内培养法研究蚂蚁引起微生物改变对土壤CO2排放的影响，并区分土壤细菌与真菌呼吸；③蚂蚁添加－室内培养法研究蚂蚁对土壤碳矿化过程中CO2排放的影响；探明蚂蚁对不同演替阶段热带森林土壤CO2排放的影响机制，为温室气体国家清单编制以及政府参与国际谈判提供支撑。

中文关键词： 土壤呼吸；土壤节肢动物；全球变化

英文摘要： The ants in tropical rain forests of Xishuangbanna are the most abundant in China. The ant activity can result in significant change in soil physical-chemical properties, soil microbial community and soil organic carbon mineralization, which may have strong influence on the spatial-temporal dynamic of soil CO2 emissions. In situ determination method of alkali absorption and Li6400-09 were used to examine the dynamics of soil CO2 and identified the influence of space-time patterns in anthills on the efflux of soil CO2 in 4 kind succession stages of tropical forest type in Xishuangbanna；The soil physical-chemical properties of three kind main dominant ants species in the four sites were compared, and its influences on soil CO2 release were also examined. The contributions of ants to soil CO2 emissions were also distinguished by a field excluded experiment with the method of static box-gas chromatography；The effect of microorganism change influenced by ants activities on soil CO2 emissions was studied by the combination method of Biology micro tablet and indoor cultivation method, and the respirations of bacteria and fungi were distinguished through inhibitor used method；The method of ants added indoor culture text was used to understand the ant effects on soil CO2 emissions and soil carbon mineralization. The study can reveal the influence mechanism of ant activity on the dynamics of soil CO2 emission under the four different succession stages in Xishuangbanna tropical forest, which can provide helper for the national list preparation of greenhouse gases and the data supporting the government involvement in international negotiations.

英文关键词： Soil respiration;Soil arthropod;Global change