丝绸之路南道中段线路变迁及其驱动机制- - -且末-于阗段遥感考古研究

项目名称： 丝绸之路南道中段线路变迁及其驱动机制- - -且末-于阗段遥感考古研究

项目编号： No.41271427

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王心源

作者单位： 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 丝绸之路南道中段随绿洲、城镇、沙漠的变化时有变迁，其中且末-于阗段因为处于阿尔金左旋活动断裂活跃段、西来水汽渐少区、南来河道短促段等特殊的自然地理环境背景，此段丝绸之路线路变迁尤甚。由于距今久远、文字记载不详，仅有较大古城镇遗址尚可寻觅，有关线路迁移的细节更难以恢复，而关于丝路变迁的原因又是多种解释。 本课题利用空间信息技术，研究干旱区人类遗迹（城镇、墓穴等）和自然痕迹（现代与过去的绿洲及水系、断裂构造等）识别与提取新方法，建立遥感对这些自然与人文特定地物目标综合判释的标志，建立特征地物时-空关联分析模型与古人类遗迹预测模型，数字化再现重要历史时期丝绸之路南道且末-于阗段线路变迁空间格局，研究导致该区段线路变迁的直接原因与驱动机制- - 气候变化、构造运动对研究区水系变化的制约，水系变化与绿洲变迁对古城镇消亡与丝绸之路变迁的影响及机制。由此，阐述自然过程对人类活动的深刻影响。

中文关键词： 空间考古；特征提取；预测模型；遥感信息分析；一带一路

英文摘要： About 200BC, several Silk Roads had been developed along oasis, towns, and water, as important trade routeways bwtween China and the middle Asia, western Asia, and Europe. The Silk Roads were interrupted many times by political conflicts,natural effects. The southern Silk Road, located in the southern Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Province, China, shifted with the evolution of relevant oasis，towns and desert, which are significantly influenced by local environmental (climate，geographic etc.)changes.Specifically,the middle segment (from Qiemo to Khotan in Xinjiang) of the southern Silk Road was notably sensitive to local environmental changes, such as temperature, precipation, rives, and vegetation and fault structures. This segment is located in the active Aerjin strike-slip fault zones, where the water vapor coming from the west are becoming less,and the rivers coming down from the southeast mountains nearby run into the Takla Makan Desert and diminsh quicky. Because of the complicated geographical environments in the area,the route segment from Qiemo to Khotan shifted more extremly. But, as the distant history and rare historic records except a few ancient town remains, it is difficult to discover and reconstruct the transfer details of the Silk Road there. As a consequence, several hypothesises for the shift of the S

英文关键词： Space Archaeology；Feature Extraction；Prediction Model；Remote Sensing Information Analysis；One Belt and One Road