新型半导体“量子点”材料：金属硫族超四面体簇的离散化和表面功能化

项目名称： 新型半导体“量子点”材料：金属硫族超四面体簇的离散化和表面功能化

项目编号： No.21271135

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 吴涛

作者单位： 苏州大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 金属硫族化合物量子点是当前纳米材料学、分析化学、生物化学等多个重要学科领域的研究热点。具有立方相硫化锌晶格点阵片段的金属硫族超四面体簇，目前被视作具有精确结构的最小尺度的四面体"量子点"，起到连接小分子簇合物和胶体半导体纳米粒子的桥梁作用。相对于传统胶体半导体量子点，该新型四面体"量子点"尺寸更小，且具有高度的均一性。早期研究表明，该类簇通常以自聚合或共价聚合的方式形成三维共价超晶格网络，很难实现单个簇在晶相中的离散性和在液相中的良好溶解性能。本项目的研究目标就在于通过采用超强碱参与的水热、溶剂热或离子热反应，探索合成系列组份可调、尺寸可变的且可离散溶解的纯无机或无机有杂化超四面体簇，并通过其表面有机官能化研究，实现它们在半导体薄膜材料和太阳能电池方面的应用。该项目通过晶态固体材料化学与结构化学、有机化学、半导体材料学等多个相关领域的交叉，为新型功能半导体"量子点"的开发应用提供新的思路。

中文关键词： 金属硫族化合物；超四面体团簇；量子点；半导体材料；光电性能

英文摘要： Metal chalcogenide quantum dots have attracted increasing attention because of their diverse technological applications on some important research fields such as nanomaterials, biosensor and biomedical image etc. Metal chalcogenide supertetrahedral clusters, being structurally precise fragments of the well-known cubic zinc sulfide type semiconductors, can be regarded as the smallest semiconductor "quantum dots" and bridge the size gap between colloidal quantum dot structures and molecular species in solution. Compared with traditional colloidal quantum dots, these metal-chalcogenide-supertetrahedral-cluster-based "quantum dots" possess small size (1-3nm) and high uniformity, which have also been found to exhibit size-dependent optical properties. Early studies on construction of metal chalcogenide supertetrahedal clusters suggested they prefer self-assemblying or co-assemblying with organic linkers to form three-dimensional covalent superlattices. It is really hard to obtain discrete (also called isolated) supertetrahedral clusters which stay in crystal lattice and also show good solubility in solution. Up to now, there has always been a strong interest in discrete molecular supertetrahedral clusters, because they are directly related to both nanosized and nanoporous materials. In the area of open-framework meta

英文关键词： Chalcogenide；Supertetrahedral nanocluster；Quantum dots；Semiconductor Material；Photoelectric Property