碳纳米管增强泡沫铝基复合材料的制备与性能调控机理

项目名称： 碳纳米管增强泡沫铝基复合材料的制备与性能调控机理

项目编号： No.51301198

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 杨旭东

作者单位： 中国民航大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 泡沫铝具有质轻、较高比强度、吸能减震等优点，作为一种结构与功能一体化的新型材料，得到人们的广泛关注。碳纳米管（CNTs）以其优异的力学、物理性能而被视为是复合材料理想的增强体，然而CNTs易于团聚的特性阻碍了CNTs增强泡沫铝基复合材料的制备和发展。本项目提出采用"原位合成-短时球磨-填加造孔剂法"制备CNTs增强泡沫铝基复合材料的新思路，可有效解决CNTs增强相在基体内分散不均、复合泡沫的结构参数（孔径、孔形状、孔隙率）难以控制等技术瓶颈，力图获得高比强度、高吸能、高阻尼的CNTs/Al泡沫复合材料。通过研究复合泡沫的结构参数，CNTs的微观结构、分布与含量，以及CNTs与泡沫铝基体界面结合对泡沫复合材料压缩、吸能和阻尼性能的影响，揭示CNTs的增强机理以及CNTs/Al泡沫复合材料的性能调控规律，为开发新型高性能泡沫铝基复合材料的研究奠定理论基础。

中文关键词： 泡沫铝；碳纳米管；复合材料；吸能；阻尼

英文摘要： Al foams have received a considerable amount of attention in recent years because of their many advantages, such as low density, relatively high specific strength, and energy absorption properties. Due to the low density and the remarkable mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been regarded as the ideal reinforcement for composite materials. However, up to now there are limited successful cases about the introduction of CNT resulting in significant improvement of the mechanical properties of the metallic matrix, due to CNTs' nature of being easy agglomeration. In this project, a novel route was developed to fabricate CNT-reinforced Al matrix composite foams by in-situ chemical vapor deposition, ball milling of a short time and a space-holder method, which resolves the bottleneck problems of difficulties in the uniform dispersion of CNTs in the matrix and the control of structural parameters of composite foams (diameter and morphology of pore, porosity). The aim of this study is to obtain CNT/Al composite foams with high specific strength, energy absorption and damping properties. So, the effect of the structural parameters of composite foams, the dispersion and content of CNT reinforcement, and the interface between CNTs and Al on the properties of compression,energy absorp

英文关键词： Al foam；Carbon nanotube；Composite；Energy absorption；Dampling