小麦谷氨酰胺合成酶同工酶表达与氮素利用效率关系研究

项目名称： 小麦谷氨酰胺合成酶同工酶表达与氮素利用效率关系研究

项目编号： No.31271650

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 马新明

作者单位： 河南农业大学

项目金额： 76万元

中文摘要： 利用聚类与方差分析相结合的方法，筛选适氮和欠氮条件下氮素高效与低效利用率的小麦代表品种。在两种供氮条件下，通过测定小麦代表品种不同生育时期不同器官的总氮、总氨基酸及可溶性蛋白积累与分布，分析不同氮素利用效率小麦品种的氮代谢特点。利用Native-PAGE与活性染色相结合的技术，研究不同氮素利用效率小麦品种谷氨酰胺合成酶同工酶（GS1、GS2、GSX1和GSX2）的时空表达特点；利用western blot 技术研究组成GS同工酶的亚基变化动态；利用半定量PCR技术研究GS同工酶在转录水平的表达特点。利用相关分析和回归分析的方法，阐明GS同工酶在小麦氮素吸收、同化及转移利用等氮代谢过程中的作用，揭示GS同工酶与氮素利用率之间的关系，探索提高小麦氮素利用效率关键环节的分子依据，为通过优化栽培措施和创新种质资源途径提高小麦氮素利用效率提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 小麦；谷氨酰胺合成酶同工酶；基因表达；氮素利用效率；

英文摘要： With cluster analysis and variance analysis, the wheat cultivars with high or low nitrogen use efficency will be selected growing under low or appropriate nitrogen conditions. By detecting the accumulation and distribution of total nitrogen, aminao acid and soluble protein in different organs during different stages, the nitrogen metablism characteristics of wheat cultivars with different nitrogen use efficency will be analized under two nitrogen conditions. With native-PAGE combined with activity staining, the dynamic expression characteritics of GS isoforms(GS1, GS2, GSX1 and GSX2) in different organs of wheat with different nitrogen use efficency will be studied; dynamic composition of subunits of GS isforms will be studied by western bloting and transcriptional characteristics of GS isoforms will be studied by semiquantitative PCR. With correlation analysis and regression analysis, the role of GS isoforms in nitrogen up-take, assimilation, transportation and utilization will be clarified; the relationship between GS isoforms and nitrogen use efficency will be revealed, and the molecular basis of key link to improve wheat N-use efficency will be probed. All these research will provide the theoretical basis for improving wheat N-use efficency by optimizing agronomic measures or innovating germ plasm resou

英文关键词： wheat；glutamine synthetase isoforms；expression；nitrogen use efficiency；