红色砂梨花青苷合成的分子机理及调控

项目名称： 红色砂梨花青苷合成的分子机理及调控

项目编号： No.31071780

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 滕元文

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 8万元

中文摘要： 本项目以红色砂梨的主栽品种'满天红'、'美人酥'和'云红梨1号'为试材，对人工光源诱导和两个生态区套袋处理调控砂梨着色的效应及相关生理分子机制进行分析，结果表明：不同品种最佳着色温度不同；不同光质的诱导效应不同，在一定光强范围内，UV-B和白光的光强越强诱导效果越好；UV-B和白光间具有互作增益效应。UV-B加白光诱导条件下，27 ℃#23545;诱导'云红梨1号'着色较17 ℃#20855;有更高的花青苷积累，这可能缘于27 ℃#36739;17 ℃#20855;有更高的PAL酶活性及相关结构基因和PyMYB10的表达量。高海拔强辐射昼夜温差大生境代表点云南安宁栽培的'满天红'较低海拔低辐射昼夜温差小生境代表点河南荥阳具有更好的着色，果皮中花青苷和类胡萝卜素含量较后者高，叶绿素含量较后者低，前者果肉中糖含量较后者高，着色过程中前者果皮花青苷合成结构和调节基因的表达量均较后者高。安宁具有的特定生态因子，特别是强辐射和昼夜温差大等特点有利于果实中糖积累和诱导果皮中花青苷合成结构和调节基因，尤其是PpCHS1、PpANS1、PpUFGT1、PyMYB10 和PpbHLH的表达，进而促进了花青苷的合成。

中文关键词： 红色砂梨；花青苷；着色调控；基因表达；环境因子

英文摘要： Three red Chinese sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) cultivars 'Meirensu', 'Mantianhong' and 'Yunhongli No. 1' were used for materials, to investigated the coloration of these pears and related physiological and molecular mechanism under postharvest UV-B/visible induction conditions and bagging treatments at two locations. The results revealed that the optimum temperature for maximum accumulation of anthothyanin seemed to vary with cultivars,different light quality have different ability to induce anthocyanin accumulation, anthocyanin accumulation increased with the increasing of light quantity at a given range, and synergism exists between UV-B and white light in inducing pigment enhancement.UV-B/visible irradiation was more effective in inducing anthocyanin synthesis in peel tissues and improving fruit coloration of 'Yonghongli No.1' at 27 C than at 17 C. PAL activity was markedly higher at 27 C than at 17 C. Expression of PyMYB10 and five anthocyanin structural genes were also higher in fruit irradiated at 27 C than in fruit irradiated at 17 C. The red Chinese sand pear cultivar 'Mantianhong' grown at the Anning, Yunnan Province showed better color formation and better quality attributes than that grown at the Xingyang, Henan Province. The fruit grown in Anning had lower values for weight and firmness and higher soluble sugars contents than that grown in Xingyang. The greater anthocyanin accumulation in 'Mantianhong' pear grown at Anning compared with that grown at Xingyang may be attributed to light and temperature conditions that were favorable for inducing expressions of anthocyanin structural and regulatory genes, especially PpCHS, PpANS, PpUFGT, PyMYB10, and PpbHLH.

英文关键词： Red Chinese sand pear; Anthocyanin; coloration regulation; Gene expression; Environmental factor