项目名称: 小型富营养化湖泊沉积物氨氧化能力对氮污染物来源的响应机制研究
项目编号: No.41301531
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 燕文明
作者单位: 河海大学
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 我国面积小于100 km2的小型湖泊众多,环境问题突出,沉积物氮污染是这类湖泊的主要环境问题之一。本申请以位于淮河流域的三个小型富营养化湖泊为研究对象,拟通过细菌反硝化稳定同位素技术,分子生物学手段及模型建模技术,对沉积物硝酸盐来源开展调查研究,并分析不同来源氮污染物对沉积环境的影响,尤其是对沉积物氨氧化菌丰度和分布的影响。重点探究通过长期围网养殖输入沉积物的氮污染物对小型湖泊沉积物氨氧化菌分布的影响。在此基础上,弄清沉积物硝化反应所导致的硝酸盐时空变化规律,揭示小型富营养化湖泊沉积物不同来源硝酸盐对底泥氨氧化菌分布的作用机制。本申请可为我国小型湖泊富营养化控制及生态恢复提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 氨氧化微生物;氮素来源;响应机制;沉积物;小型富营养化湖泊
英文摘要: There are a lot of small lakes with areas less than 100 km2 in China. They are now facing critical environmental problems especially nitrogen pollutions in sediment. This work will investigate the source of nitrate in sediment and the effect of different nitrogen pollutions on sediment environment especially on the quantity and distribution of ammonia oxidizing bacteria of 3 small eutrophic lakes in Huai River Basin, via methods such as Bacteria denitrifying stable isotope technique, molecular biology technique and model simulations. Besides, it is noteworthy that the effect of nitrogen pollutions in sediment generated by long-term purse-net aquiculture on the distribution of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in sediment of small lakes will be investigated. Furthermore, the spatio-temporal characteristics of nitrate generated by nitration in sediment and the mechanism of nitrate affecting the distribution of ammonia oxidizing bacteria will be studied in this work. This work will provide scientific evidence for eutrophication controlling and ecological restoration of small lakes.
英文关键词: ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms;nitrogen sources;response mechanism;sediment;small eutrophic lakes