软件服务化环境中基于间接交互的协同式需求建模方法研究

项目名称： 软件服务化环境中基于间接交互的协同式需求建模方法研究

项目编号： No.61272162

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 张伟

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 在软件服务化环境中，传统的通过直接交互发现需求的方式，因为不具有规模可扩展性，而不能有效适应软件服务化环境中"用户群体的大规模性"和"群体需求的多样性"这两个重要特点。针对该问题，本项目旨在探索一种基于间接交互的协同式需求建模方法，实现对软件服务化环境中大规模用户群体的多样性需求的有效发现；更为形象地说，正如蚁群/蜂群通过"环境激发效应"这种间接交互机制协同构造了具有复杂结构和功能的蚁巢/蜂巢一样，我们期望探索一种类似的协同方法，使得在软件服务化环境中，特定领域的大规模用户群体能够通过个体之间的间接交互，涌现形成该用户群体的需求模型。具体而言，本项目将从两个方面展开研究：一，在面向特征的需求建模方法的基础上，借鉴社会性昆虫群体的群体协同理论，研究并建立基于"环境激发效应"的协同式需求建模方法理论模型；二，在此基础上，应用蒙特卡罗统计方法，通过仿真的方式对理论模型的正确性和统计特征进行分析。

中文关键词： 环境激发效应；群体协同；间接交互；需求建模；软件建模

英文摘要： In SaaS environment, it is usually infeasible to discover requirements by the direct interaction between requirements engineers and users, because of the large scale of the potential user group of a SaaS application, and the intensive variabilities of requirements from the large-scale user group. This project aims to explore an indirect-interaction based collaborative requirements modeling method, to efficiently and effectively discover the requirements of a large-scale user group with intensive variabilities. As a metaphor, just like a colony of ants or bees collaboratively building a nest with complex structures and functions, from the stigmergy-based indirect interactions between ants or bees, we want to build a similar collaborative method to enable the emergence of the requirements model of a user group in SaaS environment, from the stigmergy-based indirect interactions between users. In particular, the research of this project are twofold. First, this project will build a formal model for stigmergy-based collaborative requirements modeling, based on the feature-oriented requirements modeling methods, and the collaborative theories for social insect colonies. Second, this project will apply a simulation-based approach to analyzing the validity and statistic properties of the formal model for stigmergy-based

英文关键词： Stigmergy；Group Collaboration；Indirect Interaction；Requirements Modelling；Software Modelling