胞外聚合物对活性污泥菌体与无机砂粒间相互作用机制的影响研究

项目名称： 胞外聚合物对活性污泥菌体与无机砂粒间相互作用机制的影响研究

项目编号： No.51308401

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 院士杰

作者单位： 同济大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 活性污泥法及其衍生改良工艺是处理城市污水最广泛使用的方法。活性污泥是其中微生物群体及其所依附的无机、有机物质的总称，是保证其高效稳定运行的关键。无机颗粒(砂粒)广泛存在于活性污泥中，大大限制了污泥减量化和后续厌氧消化的效率。活性污泥的胞外聚合物（EPS）对无机砂粒的存在形式有着重要影响，但是目前人们尚未完全弄清这一关系。本课题基于物理化学和胶体化学的基础理论，拟借助先进的化学分析手段，研究EPS对活性污泥菌体表面特性及其与无机砂粒间相互作用机制的影响，探索这一水污染控制领域中的重要科学问题，主要研究内容包括：1)EPS性能表征及提取前后活性污泥菌体表面物化性质变化；2)EPS及EPS提取前后活性污泥菌体与无机砂粒间相互作用机制对比解析；3)EPS及EPS提取前后活性污泥菌体与无机砂粒相互作用的数学模拟和表面热力学模型的建立。研究成果将为有针对性地降低污泥含沙量、实现污泥减量化提供理论参考。

中文关键词： 胞外聚合物；活性污泥；二氧化硅；含沙量；微观作用

英文摘要： The activated sludge process is a biological process for treating sewage and industrial wastewaters using air and activated sludge. Activated sludge is biological flocs composed of bacteria, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and inorganic compounds (mainly quartz). EPS have been shown to have great influence on the interaction between activated sludge bacteria and quartz. To the best of our knowledge, the examinations of the contribution of EPS by direct comparing the interaction of untreated activated sludge bacteria versus those from the same strain but with EPS removal with quartz have not been proposed. Based on colloids and surface chemistry theory and utilizing advanced chemical analytical methods and gentle EPS extracted process, this work will fully examine the significance of EPS on bacterial interaction with quartz, and explore this important issue in water pollution control field. The main study aspects include: (1) characterization of the surface properties of activated sludge bacteria before and after EPS extracted; (2) establishment the interaction between EPS, activated sludge bacteria before and after EPS extracted and quartz; and (3) mathematic simulation on the stability of activated sludge biological flocs with quartz. The results of this study will be beneficial for selectively improvi

英文关键词： extracellular polymeric substances；activated sludge；quartz；silt conteent；interaction