半纤维素定向分解复合菌系的协同分解机理研究

项目名称： 半纤维素定向分解复合菌系的协同分解机理研究

项目编号： No.31200089

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 微生物学、植物学

项目作者： 郭鹏

作者单位： 湖北省农业科学院

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 生物预处理是提高木质纤维素糖化和能源转化率的重要途径。然而，木质素很难被生物分解，纯培养微生物及单一酶对天然半纤维素分解效果并不理想。本项目选择木质纤维素中的半纤维素为攻击目标，从自然界中筛选对半纤维素具有定向快速分解能力的复合菌系，研究复合菌系的特性及微生物组成等，并探讨通过复合菌系获得半纤维素分解复合酶的新途径，深入分析复合酶的组成及酶解特性；同时，利用Clone文库构建、定量PCR、T-RFLP、FISH、DGGE等分子生态学技术，解析组成菌株与复合菌系产酶及半纤维素定向分解过程的关联机制，继而通过条件优化，强化复合菌系定向分解半纤维素及产酶能力，并探讨半纤维素分解程度与秸秆同时糖化发酵转化乙醇效率的关系，明确复合菌系及复合酶对秸秆的预处理时间。

中文关键词： 半纤维素；定向分解；复合菌系；预处理；纤维素乙醇

英文摘要： Lignocellulose biopretreatment is an important way to improve saccharification of enzyme and efficiency of bioenery convention. However, lignin is very difficult to be biodergraded and natural hemicellulose cannot be effectively decomposed by pure cultivated microorganisms and single of enzyme. Focus on hemicellulose of natural lignocellulose, we will screen hemicellulose directional decomposition microbial consortium from compost and soil to effectively degrade hemicellulose, and analyse the microbial component and the characteristics of the microbial consortium and so on. Complex enzymes from the microbial consortium will also be prepared, and the composition and characteristics of the enzymes will be intensively determined. Meanwhile, we will explore the key associated mechanisms between the microbes and hemicellulose directional decomposition process and enzyme production by using molecular ecology technologies such as clone library, realtime PCR, T-RFLP and DGGE. The ability of decomposition hemicellulose and enzyme production will be intensified by fermentation conditions optimization. In addition, the relationship between hemicellulose decomposition and efficiency of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of crop straw to produce ethanol will be discussed, and how long the crop straw should be pre

英文关键词： hemicellulose；directional degradation；microbial consortium；pretreatment；cellulosic ethanol