单原子层贵金属修饰的钯基核壳结构纳米粒子的可控制备及电化学性能

项目名称： 单原子层贵金属修饰的钯基核壳结构纳米粒子的可控制备及电化学性能

项目编号： No.21306060

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 王得丽

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 贵金属铂（Pt）是目前质子交换膜燃料电池阴、阳极催化剂均不可缺少的关键元素之一，提高Pt的利用率和发展非Pt催化剂是燃料电池催化剂研究的重要课题。近年来，钯（Pd）基合金纳米材料由于其特殊的性质被用于氧还原催化剂的研究备受关注。本项目拟以Pd基合金纳米粒子为研究对象，采用简单易操作的制备方法，大批量制备Pd表面富集的核壳结构的纳米粒子用于燃料电池电催化剂。拟通过加入不同的3d过渡金属元素和控制后处理的温度和气氛来调制核中Pd的电子结构，从而影响壳层Pd对氧的吸附能，进而提高其对氧还原反应的电催化活性。拟采用XRD、HRTEM、XPS等测试技术，对催化剂进行全面的物理特性表征。拟将催化剂纳米粒子的物理性质与电化学性能相关联，找出其构效关系，从而指导最优催化剂的合成方向。最后拟在所选出的最优催化剂纳米粒子表面采用自发置换的方法在其表面修饰单原子层的Pt或者Au以进一步提高催化剂的活性及稳定性。

中文关键词： 燃料电池；氧还原反应；钯基电催化剂；核壳结构；单原子层修饰

英文摘要： Pt is currently one of the key components for fuel cell catalysts. In this regard, it is of great interest to enhance the utilization efficiency of Pt or explore non-Pt catalysts for fuel cell application. Recently, Pd-based nanomaterials as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have attracted much attention because their unique properties, such as the similar properties to Pt, and the relatively low cost compared with Pt. We are planning to synthesize Pd-based core-shell structure nanoparticles by using a simple, effective and mass-producible method. Different from conditional wet chemical reducing method, which need to add plenty of surfactant to form the core-shell structure. The prepared Pd-based core-shell structure nanoparticles will be used as electrocatalysts for the ORR. The electronic structure of the catalysts could be tuned by adding different 3d-transition metals, or choose different temperature and atmosphere, which would change the adsorption energy of oxygen, and thus affect their electrocatalytic activities for the ORR. XRD, HRTEM, and XPS techniques will be used to characterize the physical properties of the as-prepared nanoparticles. We can get structure-activity relationship between the physical properties and the electrochemical performance, which will guide the synthesis of the best

英文关键词： Fuel cells；Oxygen reduction reaction；Pd-based electrocatalysts；Core-shell structure；Atomic monolayer decoration