河口湿地植被对甲烷和氧化亚氮产生与排放的影响及其控制机制

项目名称： 河口湿地植被对甲烷和氧化亚氮产生与排放的影响及其控制机制

项目编号： No.41473094

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 陈振楼

作者单位： 华东师范大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 植被是影响和控制河口湿地甲烷（CH4）和氧化亚氮（N2O）排放过程的关键因子，然而其具体的影响机理和生物地球化学过程尚需深入研究和探明。长江口位于典型的亚热带季风气候区，河口湿地植被生长与环境因子季节和空间变化显著。选取该区域三种类型植被群落（芦苇、海三棱藨草、互花米草）为研究对象，计划通过三个年度的长期野外观测，使用黑白箱对照和剪切处理，获得河口湿地植被光合和呼吸作用下CH4和N2O排放通量的变化特征，结合植被生命周期中植被体内部结构的变化、光合与呼吸作用时根际沉积物氧化还原电位变化、植被根际分泌物输入有机碳特征和根际微生物群落变化，探讨湿地植被对CH4和N2O的传输机制及其对沉积物中CH4和N2O产生和消耗的控制过程。结合其它环境因子的相关分析，阐明亚热带季风区河口湿地植被对湿地-大气界面CH4和N2O排放的影响和控制机制，丰富和发展我国河口滨岸湿地碳氮生物地球化学循环理论。

中文关键词： 甲烷；氧化亚氮；湿地植被；影响；河口

英文摘要： Researches demonstrated that wetland plant is one of the key factors affecting and controlling the methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in estuary wetlands. But so far, there are many unknown details of the mechanism and biogeochemical processes. Yangtze estuary is located in the typical subtropical monsoon area, and growth rhythm of wetland plant and environmental factors have a clearly seasonal and spatial variation. A three years long-term investigation and sampling will be taken on the three kinds of the wetland plant in this area, Phragmites australis, Scirpus mariqueter and Spartina alterniflora. By using the transparent and opaque chamber technology and clipping treatment, we try to get the CH4 and N2O flux and its change during the photosynthesis and respiration period of wetland plant. Combined with the results of inner structure change of plant through their life time research, Eh change at rhizosphere between the photosynthesis and respiration period, organic carbon input from exude at rhizosphere of plant and the change of microbe community, the CH4 and N2O transporting mechanism in wetland plant and the effect mechanism of plant on CH4 and N2O production and consumption will be discussed. By integrating the correlation analyzing between the fluxes and the environmental factors, the effect and control mechanism of estuarine wetland plant on methane and nitrous oxide emission in subtropical monsoon area will be clarified. This research will enrich and develop the scope and depth of the estuarine wetland carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycling theory in China.

英文关键词： Methane;Nitrous oxide;Wetland plant;Effect;Estuary