应急情景下民航管制员安全行为能力综合测评研究

项目名称： 应急情景下民航管制员安全行为能力综合测评研究

项目编号： No.51304217

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 王燕青

作者单位： 中国民航大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 在空中交通管制应急情景下，原有的管制预案会被瞬间打乱，管制员必须具备一定的应变能力。90%以上的管制事件是由管制员的不安全行为所导致的，因此有必要综合测评管制员的安全行为能力，掌握其不安全行为发生机理和影响因素，引导其避免不安全行为，为提高管制水平提供依据。本项目拟选择并模拟管制过程中具有代表性的应急情景，基于生理学知识，测量管制员有关生理指标的变化和任务绩效指标；基于人的信息加工模型，设计信息加工各阶段的认知偏差测量量表，测量应急情景下管制员的认知偏差程度；构造应急情景下管制员的安全行为能力指数，建立基于认知偏差指标、生理指标和任务绩效指标的安全行为能力综合测评模型，反映其行为能力大小，提高其对应急情景的风险认识水平，为解决由于个人行为能力不足而导致的不安全事件提供依据。本项目的研究为空管单位改进管制员选拔系统，修正管制员培训方案提供思路，对进一步充实行为科学理论有一定的价值。

中文关键词： 航空安全；管制员；安全行为能力；实验研究；综合测评

英文摘要： The original air traffic control plans are instantly disrupted in emergency conditions, so the controllers should have ability to deal with the unexpected events. Statistics show that more than 90% of unsafe events in air traffic control were caused by the controllers' unsafe behaviors. This study attempts to establish an appropriate multi-dimensional assessment technique to evaluate safe behavior ability of the controllers, understand the mechanism of the unsafe behaviors and their influencing factors in order to guide the controllers to avoid these unsafe behaviors and improve their control ability. Based on the physiology, the experiment will be designed to assess the controllers' safe behavior ability by measuring some specific physiological indicators and tasks performance indicators in some simulated typical scenarios in the control process.Based on the human information processing model, controllers' cognitive biases scale will be designed to measure the degree of cognitive bias of controllers in air traffic emergency conditions. The safe behavior ability index of the controllers will be constructed and the the synthetic assessment model will be established by analysis of the physiological indicators, task performance indicators and cognitive bias indicators. The significance of the mathematical model is

英文关键词： aviation safety；air traffic controllers；safe behavior ability；experimental study；synthetic assessment