基于地面激光雷达的森林结构参数提取和真实景观三维建模整合性研究

项目名称： 基于地面激光雷达的森林结构参数提取和真实景观三维建模整合性研究

项目编号： No.41471363

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 郭庆华

作者单位： 中国科学院植物研究所

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 激光雷达能够定量描述森林结构和实现真实景观三维建模，对森林生态学研究和森林经营管理具有重要的理论和现实意义。目前基于地面激光雷达单木结构参数提取研究的系统性和可应用性较弱；而森林景观三维建模中树木的位置、内部结构信息缺乏真实性。本项目的主要目的是系统地提出一套复杂林分条件下的地面激光雷达数据获取方案与单木结构参数提取方法，实现真实森林景观可视化。具体研究如何搭建移动手持激光雷达扫描系统、设计方案提高扫描效率和质量以及如何实现海量数据的自动拼接和优质滤波；探讨不同坡度和森林类型条件下如何提高单木分割、枝干叶分离和结构参数提取算法的普适性和精度；分析如何快速实现景观尺度内真实树木结构的三维建模。本项目的研究成果可以改进森林结构定量化研究的传统方法，提供更为真实的现实模拟策略，有助于揭示构件-单木-景观跨尺度结构格局演变机制。

中文关键词： 激光雷达；景观；森林结构参数；三维建模

英文摘要： The capability of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) on quantitively describing forest structure and real 3D modeling makes the remote sensing techniques be widely used in forest resources investigation, which is of significance for forest ecosystem study and forest management. However, on one hand, current forest parameters extraction studies using ground-based LiDAR data are not systematic, and very hard to apply under different terrain and forest conditions. On the other hand, the location, shape and structure information of trees in forest 3D modeling are virtual. This project will systematically study how to extract complicate forest 3D structure parameters and model real 3D forest from ground-based LiDAR data. Specifically, this project will first study how to build a mobile handheld ground-based LiDAR platform and how to fulfill the auto-registration and filter of massive 3D point cloud quickly to speed up obtaining ground-based LiDAR data. Moreover, this project will study how to improve the accuracy of current individual tree segmentation algorithms, branch and leaf separation algorithms, and 3D forest structure parameter extraction algorithms, and build universal algorithms for different forest conditions. Finally, this project will discuss how to model the real 3D forest by the combination of individual tree segmentation algorithm and branch and leaf separation algorithm. The fruits of this project can completely change the traditional quantitive forest structure study approach, and provide forest real 3D modeling strategy, which are highly beneficial for revealing the mechanism of dynamic forest ecosystem development from individual tree scale to landscape scale.

英文关键词： LiDAR;landscape;forest structural parameters;3D modeling