黄土丘陵半干旱区人工林草地土壤水资源利用限度

项目名称： 黄土丘陵半干旱区人工林草地土壤水资源利用限度

项目编号： No.41271539

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 郭忠升

作者单位： 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 在我国北方和黄土高原地区的多年生人工林草地出现了大面积以土壤旱化为主要特征的土壤退化问题，说明植物过度利用土壤水资源。探索植被恢复过程中土壤水资源可持续利用途径，已成为水资源紧缺的黄土高原地区以水土保持为中心的生态建设中急待解决的基础性科学问题之一，人工林草地土壤水资源利用限度的研究就显得尤为重要。本研究以黄土丘陵半干旱区广泛种植的柠条和紫花苜蓿为对象，通过直播建立固定样地，利用中子水分仪等仪器，采用适当的生态学组织层次和时空尺度，定位观测降雨量、地表径流、土壤水分和植物（基径、高度和生物量）生长，系统研究植被恢复过程中植物生长与土壤水分的互动关系，土壤水分补给、存储和消耗的动态变化机理，完善土壤水资源利用限度理论，确定人工柠条林和苜蓿地土壤水资源利用限度。研究成果将为揭示SVAT系统土壤水分与植物生长辩证关系，合理利用土壤水资源，改善生态环境，可持续经营林草地提供理论依据和科技支撑。

中文关键词： 土壤水分；植物生长；降水；入渗；土壤水资源利用限度

英文摘要： Widespread soil deterioration occurs on the Loess Plateau of China in the form of excessive soil drying under both perennial grasses and forests，suggesting that perennial artificial vegetation overuse soil water resources. Probing into the method of making a sustainable use of soil water resources is one of the most important scientific issues for the soil and water conservation and ecological constructions on the Loess Plateau. Thus, the research on soil water resources use limit by plant is extremely important. In this research, we will take widely planting artificial Caragana korshinskii and alfafa as an example and establish fixed field experimental plots in a semiarid loess hilly region. A neutron probe and several other instruments will be used to monitor the field soil water content，canopy interception, runoff, and plant growth,including height,basical diameter and biomass. The research is expected to systematicly investigate the machanism of dynamic changes in soil water supply,storage and consumption in the woodland and grassland during the process of artificial vegetation.The results will improve the theory of soil water resources use limit. soil water resources use limit by C.korshinskii and by alfafa will be determined. The results will supply theoretic basis and scientific support for elucidating di

英文关键词： soil water；plant growth；precipitation；infiltration；soil water resources use limit by plants