Pax6基因与弹尾纲眼区的发育和进化关系

项目名称： Pax6基因与弹尾纲眼区的发育和进化关系

项目编号： No.31272298

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 栾云霞

作者单位： 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 弹尾纲（跳虫）的进化地位悬而未决，形态学和分子系统学研究对跳虫与昆虫和甲壳动物的亲缘关系争论不休。从发育生物学的角度探讨进化问题是新的突破点。跳虫拥有从无眼到8+8单眼等多种形态的眼，但对其眼区发育的分子机制未见报道。通过探讨高度保守的调控动物眼发育的Pax6基因对跳虫眼区发育的调控机制，将为解决跳虫的进化问题带来新的证据。本研究拟测定有眼和无眼跳虫的Pax6(eyeless和eyegone)基因全长，与甲壳动物和昆虫的同源序列进行比对，分析有眼和无眼跳虫中两个基因的表达量和表达时空的差异，观察其在果蝇中异位表达所引起的表征变化，并建立跳虫的RNAi和转基因实验体系。综合分子生物学、发育生物学和生物信息学方法，探讨跳虫Pax6基因的进化和功能问题，以求为跳虫的进化地位，以及Pax6基因与跳虫眼区的发育关系等问题提供有力的全新证据。跳虫发育研究平台的建立，将为低等六足动物研究拓展新的方向。

中文关键词： 弹尾纲（跳虫）；Pax6基因；眼区的发育；适应性演化；发育-进化

英文摘要： The unclear phylogenetic position of Collembola (springtails) has severely impeded the study on the phylogeny of Arthropoda. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the relationships of Collembola with Crustacea and Insecta are hotly debated. Exploring evolutionary questions from the perspective of developmental biology is a new breakthrough. Collembolans have many kinds of eyes，from 0+0 to 8+8 ocelli, but so far, there is no report on their molecular developmental machanism. Studying the sequences and functions of collembolan Pax6 genes,the highly conserved "master control" genes for the development of animal eyes, is supposed to obtain brand new evidences for the evolutionary position of Collembola. In this study, the whole length of Pax6 genes (eyeless and eyegone) from two collembolan species, Ceratophysella denticulata (with eyes) and Folsomia candida (with no eye), will be sequenced, and compared with Pax6 genes from crustaceans and insects. The gene expression differences will be monitored at different developmental stages. Transgenetic drosophilas with eyeless or eyegone gene from eyed or eyeless collembolans will be observed to investigate functions of collembolan Pax6 genes. In addition, we will setup the RNAi and transgenetic experiment platforms for collembolans. Combinin

英文关键词： Collembola (springtails)；Pax6 gene；eye development；adaptive evolution；evo-devo