模拟核酸适体的分子印迹聚合物的研究

项目名称： 模拟核酸适体的分子印迹聚合物的研究

项目编号： No.20805049

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 刘祥军

作者单位： 中国科学院化学研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 在人工构筑的分子识别体系中，分子印迹聚合物制备简单、价格低廉、稳定性好，在分离分析领域表现出广阔的潜在应用前景。但目前面临的一些问题和挑战严重制约了其发展，如单体种类较少、蛋白质等生物大分子的印迹难以实现、水相印迹与识别仍没有很好的解决等。而近年发展起来的核酸适体在水相中对靶分子具有非常高的特异性和亲和力，它是由一段单链的寡核苷酸分子，通过碱基堆积、氢键、疏水作用等形成独特三维空间结构来实现对靶分子的特异性识别，其碱基是参与识别的主要元素。申请者拟在多年从事分子印迹研究的基础上，借助核酸适体识别的分子基础，将其基本识别单元- - 碱基引入到分子印迹研究中。通过设计合成不同的碱基功能单体，以实现对小分子、蛋白质等生物大分子的水相印迹与识别，从而制备出集两者优点于一身的新型分子识别材料用于复杂体系的分离分析。通过该项研究发展一类新型功能单体，并用以探索实现生物大分子水相印迹的新途经。

中文关键词： 分子印迹聚合物；核酸适体；碱基功能单体；水相印迹

英文摘要： Molecular imprinted polymers (MIP), an artificial molecule recognition meterial, had shown potential application in separation and analysis because of their specific recognition ability, predesigned selectivity, easy preparation, low cost and good stability. However, some problems restrict their further development, such as lack of monomer species, limit for biomacromolecule imprinting (for example, protein) and low aqueous recognition ability, etc. Aptamer, another class of molecular recognition material emerged recently, showed excellent specific aqueous recognition ability not only for small molecules, but also for proteins. Aptamers are ssDNA, RNA, or modified nucleic acids. The basis of their target recognition is the tertiary structures formed by the force of base stacking, hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction within the single-stranded oligonucleotides, in which the bases are the key element of molecule recognition. But the aptamers are very difficult to select and not stable when used in biological specimen (such as serum or saliva, in which many nuclease exist). In this study, we will induce the key molecular recognition element of aptamer, bases, into the MIP study. The new obtained molecule recognition material, which is expected to combine the advantages of MIP and aptamer, may possess the excellent specific aqueous recognition ability, good stability and easy preparation, so that they would be used for the separation and analysis of the complex biological samples. Through this study, some new monomers based on nucleic acid bases will be designed, synthesized and applied for the MIP. Moreover, some new ways for solving the problems of aqueous imprinting and recognition of MIP for small molecules and biomacromolecules will be developed.

英文关键词： Molecular imprinted polymer (MIP); Aptamer; Nucleic acid base monomer; aqueous imprinting and recognition