项目名称: 用正电子湮没研究聚乙烯醇/石墨烯复合膜的自由体积和气体阻隔的湿度依赖性
项目编号: No.11305145
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 周炜
作者单位: 中国地质大学(武汉)
项目金额: 30万元
中文摘要: 聚乙烯醇(PVA)是已知的阻氧性最好的聚合物,但PVA易吸水,在高湿度环境下将直接导致阻氧性的大幅降低。本项目选择PVA作为基体,利用氧化石墨烯(GO)作为填料,制备PVA/GO复合膜,期望在提升该复合膜阻氧性能的同时,提升其对水蒸气的阻隔性能。本项目利用正电子湮没技术测试该复合膜原子尺度的自由体积大小随GO的质量分数的变化,确定PVA和GO的最佳配比,再对最佳配比的PVA/GO复合膜的自由体积大小随相对湿度的变化进行定量表征,分析水分子对该复合膜自由体积产生影响的微观机理。本项目还利用气体渗透系数测试仪测量该复合膜的氧气渗透系数与GO的质量分数、相对湿度的依赖性关系,分析水分子对氧气在复合膜中渗透行为的影响,并在Nielsen曲折模型中引入湿度参数,建立渗透系数与自由体积、曲折路径和相对湿度的定量关系。为我国食品、药品包装行业打破外国垄断,自主开发高阻氧和高阻水的包装材料提供理论参考。
中文关键词: 聚乙烯醇;氧化石墨烯;正电子湮没;自由体积;水气透过率
英文摘要: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has the best Oxygen barrier property in the polymers, but it has the high absorption ability of water, which will lead a sharp decrease of Oxygen barrier property if working under the high relative humidity. In this project, the PVA and Graphene Oxygen (GO) will be chosen as the matrix and filler to prepare the PVA/GO composite membrane. The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) will be employed to measure the o-Ps lifetime and free volume size of the PVA/GO, with the increasing of the GO weight content. The proper weight ratio of PVA and GO will be confirmed by means of the free volume results obtained above-mentioned. In order to analyze the mechanism of the effect of water molecules on the free volume, the relative humidity (RH) dependence of free volume size for the PVA/GO membrane with the proper weight ratio will also be measured by PALS. In this project, the Gas permeability tester will be used to the GO weight content and RH dependence of Oxygen permeability coefficient. The effect of water molecules on the Oxygen permeation in the PVA/GO membrane will be analyzed. A RH parameter will be induced to the Nielsen's tortuosity model, which will be used to establish the formula between the gas permeation coefficient and the free volume fraction, tortuosity path and RH for
英文关键词: poly(vinyl alcohol);Graphene oxide;Positron annihilation;Free volume;water vapor transmission