新型小分子探针修饰核酸在生物分析，生物传感中的应用

项目名称： 新型小分子探针修饰核酸在生物分析，生物传感中的应用

项目编号： No.21275139

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 于聪

作者单位： 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 生物分析、生物传感技术在基础研究、新药开发、临床诊断、食品营养、环境监测、国防工业及人类卫生保健等诸多领域起着非常重要的作用。针对当前生物分析技术存在的操作复杂、耗时、费力、成本高、灵敏度低、抗干扰能力差等缺点，本项目拟将小分子探针共价修饰核酸与生物分析结合起来，提出利用探针分子响应信号随核酸结构可控变化的原理发展生物分析新方法。项目主要研究小分子探针集聚形态随核酸（分子信标、核酸适配体等）变化，并由此引起的探针分子结构、性质的变化，以及相应的响应信号的变化，揭示生物大分子分子识别及探针分子集聚状态的本质、规律、调控方法，并选择性地检测与人体生理机能密切相关的各类生物活性物质（核酸、蛋白质、各类生物小分子等），寻求灵敏、高效、廉价、方便、抗干扰能力强的生物分析、生物传感新方法。

中文关键词： 生物分析；生物传感；分子信标；核酸适配体；小分子探针

英文摘要： Biosensing and bioanalysis play an important role in basic research, new drug development, clinical diagnosis, food nutrition, environmental monitoring, national defence, etc. However, the exsiting methods are difficult to apply in practical applications because of the drawbacks such as complicated procedure, time-consuming, expensive, low sensitivity and low anti-interference ability. In this project, a novel method for bioanalysis based on the controlled signal response of small molecular probes by the structure of nucleic acids is designed, which integrates novel small molecular probes labled nucleic acids and bioanalysis technologies. The main reseach objectives include study of the aggregation of the small molecular probes, reveal the recognition of biomacromolecules and the nature of the aggregation of probes, and the detection of bio-related matters (such as nucleic acids, proteins, and small biomoleculars, etc.) based on the changes of structure, properties and the corresponding response signals of probe moleculars as a result of structure of nucleic acids (aptamer, molecular beacon, etc.). It is hoped that through this research, several sensitive, efficient, low-cost, simple and high anti-interference methods for bioanalysis and biosensing could be developed.

英文关键词： bioanalysis；biosensing；molecular beacon；aptamer；small molecular probe