氯化胆碱-尿素离子液体中电沉积高耐蚀Ni/Ni-Zn纳米多层膜的研究

项目名称： 氯化胆碱-尿素离子液体中电沉积高耐蚀Ni/Ni-Zn纳米多层膜的研究

项目编号： No.51301110

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 杨海燕

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 电沉积镍和镍合金层耐腐蚀性能好，硬度高，同时具有装饰性能，在防护装饰性领域有着广泛的应用。然而水溶液中电沉积镍时往往存在阴极析氢副反应，导致镀层存在针孔，阴极电流效率低。而离子液体电化学窗口宽，可避免类似阴极析氢等副反应，制备的镀层致密性好，阴极效率高。此外，离子液体中更易于沉积具有非晶或纳米晶等特殊结构的镀层，更利于高耐蚀镀层的制备。本项目采用稳定性好、制备简单、成本低、绿色环保且可在大气环境中电沉积的第三代化胆碱-尿素离子液体配置电解液，采用单槽法电沉积Ni/Ni-Zn纳米多层膜，使镀层具有多重电化学保护作用，进一步提高镀层耐腐蚀性能。同时研究Ni/Ni-Zn纳米多层膜阴极沉积机理和动力学机制；探索添加剂烟酸、EDTA、乙二胺和"水"对沉积机理的影响机制；建立沉积工艺与镀层性能之间的联系，揭示Ni/Ni-Zn纳米多层膜的微观结构和防护机理，为离子液体中高性能镀层的制备提供指导。

中文关键词： 离子液体；电沉积；镍合金；吸湿性；镁合金

英文摘要： The electrodeposition of Ni and it's alloy are widely used in protection and decoration field due to their good corrosion-resistance, high hardness combined with being well decorative.However, the hydrogen evolution reaction often occurs in the course of electrodeposition of Ni in aqueous solutions, and which will result in pinholes in coatings and low current efficiency. Fortunately, coatings with good quality can be electroplated from ionic liquid with high current efficiency since side reaction can be avoided owing to its wide electrochemical window. Furthermore, it's easier to electroplate high corrosion-resistant coatings which have amorphous and nano-crystallline structure. Hence, electrodeposition of Ni/Ni-Zn nano-multilayers from Choline-urea ionic liquid single bath, and which is stable, easy to prepare, of low cost, environment friendly, was carried out in air. The corrosion resiatance can be further improved by Ni/Ni-Zn nano-multilayers due to multi-electrochemical protection effect. Deposition and dynamical mechanism of Ni/Ni-Zn nano-multilayers was studied. The effect of additives, such as nicotinic acid, EDTA and ethanediamine on deposition mechanism was explored. The relationship between the deposition parameters and coating properties was found. The micro-structure and protection machanism of Ni/

英文关键词： ionic liquid；electrodeposition；Ni alloy；hygroscopicity；Mg alloy