振动刮刷式加工番茄分批次采摘机理

项目名称： 振动刮刷式加工番茄分批次采摘机理

项目编号： No.51465052

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 王吉奎

作者单位： 石河子大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 针对现有加工番茄一次性机械化收获存在的问题，本项目采用振动和刮刷原理研究加工番茄机械化分批次收获法。在研制的振动刮刷式番茄采摘装置的基础上，主要研究果实各种摘落作用方式及力学条件，分析采摘板实现果实采摘在结构、运动轨迹和布置方式上的特点，分析采摘板从果秧内侧刮刷清理出番茄果实的过程，分析果实群体效应对采摘的影响；研究振动对果秧中果实的清理和番茄秧振动与采摘板运动的叠加效应对果实采收的影响；研究果实采摘过程中果实损伤原因，得出采摘板在不同结构、材料和作用方式下果实损伤程度，并探寻果实密集度和番茄秧形状对果实采摘受损影响；综合采净率高、损伤少和效率高等目标因素，研究各影响因素对采摘性能的影响，得到目标因素与主要影响因素的关系模型。 研究成果有助于研制加工番茄分批次收获机械，这对促进机械化番茄收获技术的推广普及和保证番茄加工产业的快速健康发展具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 农业机械；创新设计；结构综合；机构设计；结构分析

英文摘要： For the existing problems in the respect of one-time mechanical tomato harvesting, this project would study the method of processing tomato harvesting mechanization, which operates in the manner of batches, adopting the principles of vibration and scrape. Basing on the developed vibration-scrape tomato picking device, the way and mechanical requirement of the processing tomato picking would be mainly studied, the characteristics in structure and trajectory and layout of the tomato-picking plates would be analyzed, the process of picking plates brushing out the fruit from inner side of the tomato plants would be analyzed and the impaction of tomato fruits population effect on tomato picking would been analyzed in this project also. Moreover, the effect of the vibration on tomato cleaning from tomato plants would be studied, and so are the influences of the superimposed effect between tomato plate's movement and the tomato plants vibration on the process of tomato picking. And then, the reason of fruit injury in the process of tomato picking would be researched, and a conclusion on damage degree caused by picking plates under the condition of different modes of structure, material and function pattern of picking plates would be obtained. The impaction of tomato plants shape and the fruit intensity in tomato plants on tomato picking would be explored. Finely, integrating the target factor of high net rate, less damage and high efficiency, a mathematical relation model between objective factors and main influence factors would be obtained by studying the influence factors which affect the performance of tomato packing. The results of the project would contribute to develop new type tomato harvesting machine which operates in the manner of batches, which would have significant meaning for promoting the popularization of tomato harvesting mechanization technology and ensuring the rapid and sound development of tomato processing industry.

英文关键词： Agricultural Machinery;Creative Design;Structural Synthesis;Mechanism Design;Structural Analysis