小麦A、B淀粉颗粒理化性能差异的精细分子结构机制研究

项目名称： 小麦A、B淀粉颗粒理化性能差异的精细分子结构机制研究

项目编号： No.31301557

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 李文浩

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 小麦A、B型淀粉颗粒的理化性和功能性存在较大差异，但目前缺乏全面、系统的精细结构机制方面的研究。本项目拟选用普通小麦、部分糯小麦和糯小麦的A、B型淀粉颗粒作为研究材料，系统地研究淀粉颗粒结合蛋白与脂类物质分别对A、B型淀粉颗粒的理化性质、流变学性质和结构特征的影响。同时利用单向及双向SDS-PAGGE电泳技术、MALDI-TOF-MS分离技术等蛋白组学研究技术分别对A、B型淀粉颗粒蛋白进行定性研究，利用荧光生成试剂3?(4?羰基苯甲酰基)?喹啉?2?羰醛对颗粒结合蛋白染色后，结合激光共聚焦荧光显微镜（LSCM）技术，对其在淀粉颗粒中的分布状况进行分析。同时，结合激光共聚焦荧光显微镜、小角度X-衍射、透射电子显微镜和原子力显微镜等技术观察分析小麦A、B淀粉颗粒在超微结构方面的差异，揭示小麦A、B淀粉颗粒结构与性质的精细结构差异及其调节机制，也为小麦A、B淀粉的合理开发利用提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 淀粉；晶体；理化性质；结构；颗粒结合蛋白

英文摘要： There are significant differences in the physicochemical and functional properties between A- and B- wheat starch granules. Until now, the elaborate and systemic mechanisms of their difference in starch fine structure haven't been elucidated. In this project, A- and B- starch granules isolated from normal wheat, partial waxy wheat and waxy wheat varieties will be used to characterize and elucidate the influences of granule-associated proteins and lipid on their physicochemical, rheological and structural properties. The starch surface-associated proteins would be extracted from those three A- and B- starch granules wheat starch varieties, fractionated and identified by one-dimensional (1-D) SDS-PAGE, 2-DPAGE and ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS.Distinct locations of starch granule-associated proteins will be revealed using a protein-specific dye (3-(4-carboxybenzoyl) quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde) with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The supramolecular structure of the A- and B-type granules of wheat starch will be revealed with the aid of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). A thorough working of this would lead to an appropriate knowledge of macromolecular structures difference between A- and B-type

英文关键词： starch；crystalline；physicochemical properties；structure；starch surface-associated proteins