静稳天气条件下大气VOCs-NOx-SO2共存反应生成颗粒物的动力学与机理研究

项目名称： 静稳天气条件下大气VOCs-NOx-SO2共存反应生成颗粒物的动力学与机理研究

项目编号： No.21477002

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 陈忠明

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 针对我国城市地区大气形成重度雾霾的天气和污染特征，实验室模拟研究高相对湿度以及高浓度氮氧化物（NOx）和二氧化硫（SO2）条件下，大气NOx、SO2与挥发性有机物（VOCs）共存反应生成颗粒物的动力学以及机理，探究新粒子生成和颗粒物增长与各种反应物浓度比例和相对湿度的定量关系。拟解决的关键科学问题是，在静稳天气条件下颗粒物生成速率和产率受哪些关键因素影响，可能包括VOCs/NOx/SO2不同浓度比例关系、氧化剂种类和浓度以及水汽浓度水平。本项目拟重点研究引发严重雾霾形成的关键初始条件，为大气模式研究提供有用的反应动力学参数，为预警和治理我国城市地区重度雾霾提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 雾霾；挥发性有机物；氮氧化物；二氧化硫；反应机理

英文摘要： Heavy haze is a growing problem in many Chinese cities. On an average heavy-haze day, the ground-level wind speed is very low, while water vapor level and concentrations of primary pollutants including nitric oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are surprisingly high. These conditions are highly conducive to rapid particle formation in the atmosphere, severely damaging visibility, industry, agriculture, transportation, human health, and the environment. However, the reason for particle formation during heavy haze days is still not clear. Studies on particle formation and growth during heavy haze days are urgently needed in China. This project plans to study the effects of primary pollutant concentration ratios and relative humidity on new particle formation and growth. We hope to identify the key factors controlling particle formation rate and productivity in a statically stable atmosphere. We postulate that possible factors are: the concentration ratio of VOCs : NOx : SO2; type and concentration of oxidants; and water vapor level. This project aims to explore the crucial initial chemical conditions that cause heavy haze, provide useful kinetic parameters for atmospheric model, and benefit the precaution and governance of the heavy haze in the urban areas of China.

英文关键词： Haze;Volatile Organic Compounds;Nitric Oxides;Sulfur Dioxide;Reaction Mechanism