基于奇点光学的乳腺癌诊断技术研究

项目名称： 基于奇点光学的乳腺癌诊断技术研究

项目编号： No.61505075

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 罗亚梅

作者单位： 西南医科大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 乳腺癌的发病率在不断增加，其早期诊断是防治的关键。目前传统诊断方法费用较高，时间较长。本项目在前期奇点光学理论研究和乳腺癌病理诊断工作基础上，通过矩阵光学和数理统计方法，拟对奇点光学技术在临床乳腺癌症病例诊断中的应用进行探索性研究，以期获得一种新的乳腺癌诊断技术。我们已通过实验探索发现，激光经乳腺癌组织冰冻切片成像后的偏振特性会发生变化。进一步要解决的关键问题是研究激光经乳腺癌组织冰冻切片成像后强度和偏振奇点变化规律，给出不同组织参数变化对奇点坐标和数目等的影响，揭示生物组织对强度和偏振奇点影响的物理机制；研究正常组织、癌前病变以及癌症中晚期奇点的统计变化规律。与目前临床使用的病理诊断等方法所得结果相比较，论证该新技术的可行性，尤其是论证是否存在早期诊断的优势。研究结果不仅将揭示出一些生物组织中新的奇点光学效应，同时也可为奇点光学开拓出新的应用领域，具有潜在的临床应用价值。

中文关键词： 奇点光学；生物组织；乳腺癌；偏振；诊断

英文摘要： With the increasing of the incidence rate of breast cancer , the earlier we diagnose the cancer, the better we can prevent it. The present traditional diagnostic methods demand too much money and time. Based on the study of singular-optics and pathologic diagnosis of breast cancer, the singular optics technique and its applications in breast cancer diagnosis for clinical cases will be investigated preliminarily by using matrix optics and statistics. We have obtained that the polarization properties of breast cancer frozen section images are variable. More problems to be solved are the variation of intensity and polarization singularities of biotissues images, the effect of parameter variation of breast cancer biotissues on the singularities’ coordination and total amount of distributions. And it is also important to study the physical mechanism of the changes of intensity and polarization singularities from biotissues, statistical structure of the sound tissue in biopsy, pathological change in precancer as well as in cancer stage. Based on the comparative analysis of the data from the clinical pathologic diagnosis, the feasibility for the new technique will be demonstrated, especially for the early diagnosis. The results obtained in this project would be beneficial to revealing of some new effects in biotissues, and can be useful for new applications of singular optics.

英文关键词： singular optics;biotissues;breast cancer;polarization;diagnosis