数字土壤制图中人类活动影响因子的定量刻画

项目名称： 数字土壤制图中人类活动影响因子的定量刻画

项目编号： No.41471178

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 杨琳

作者单位： 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 协同环境因子的选择和获取是数字土壤制图的关键环节之一，现有土壤制图研究大多采用自然环境因子，鲜有考虑人类活动因子。近年来，人类活动成为土壤空间变异的重要影响因素，却鲜有对其空间化刻画的研究。本项目拟以农业活动为例，通过多期遥感影像的辅助，提取可度量主要人类活动方式的环境协同因子。针对可直接空间化的人类活动，如种植制度，采用遥感解译的方式获取；针对难以直接空间化的人类活动，如耕作管理方式，利用植被生长状况对其间接指示，根据植被生长周期选择时段获取多时序光谱数据，从而构建环境因子。基于提取的人类活动因子与土壤属性之间的关系，构建适宜人类活动密集区的土壤推测模型，并通过与仅采用自然环境因子的土壤制图对比，进行方法的效性评价。本研究所提出的方法可为农业活动密集区的土壤资源调查提供技术支撑，对认识高强度人类活动影响下土壤资源（通常是重要农业生产基地）的现状和分布规律具有十分重要的理论与实践意义。

中文关键词： 数字土壤制图；遥感监测；地理信息系统；空间变异；人类活动

英文摘要： Choosing and obtaining soil environmental covariates is one of the key parts of digital soil mapping. Present digital soil mapping researches mainly use natural environmental factors, seldom consider human activity factor. Recently, human activities have become an important influencing factor of soil spatial variations. However, there are few studies on quantifying human activity impact factor. Because agricultural activity is one type of human activities, which influences soil distribution extensively and deeply, we take agricultural activity as an example to conduct our research in this project. This project will employ multi - temporal remote sensing data to extract environmental factor that can represent main impact of human activities. For those which can directly extract, such as cropping system, remote sensing interpretation will be used. For those which can not directly extract, such as farming management, multi-temporal spectral data will be selected according to crop growth period, based on which a human activity factor will be then constructed. Then we will use the extracted human activity factors in digital soil mapping and compare soil sampling and mapping using human activity factor with soil sampling and mapping with only natural environmental factors. The developed method can provide key techniques for soil investigation of areas under impact of human activities, and have a significant meaning for recognizing status and distribution rules of soil resources under impact of human activities.

英文关键词： ditial soil mapping;remote sensing monitoring;GIS;spatial variation;human activities