新型microRNA芯片技术平台及其应用于肿瘤标志物筛选的研究

项目名称： 新型microRNA芯片技术平台及其应用于肿瘤标志物筛选的研究

项目编号： No.31270908

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 段德民

作者单位： 中国科学院生物物理研究所

项目金额： 78万元

中文摘要： microRNAs(miRNAs)是生物体内源的一类重要的调节分子，而且是一类有潜质的疾病和肿瘤的生物标志物。miRNA检测技术的发展对于推动基础研究和医学上的早期诊断具有重要意义。当前大多数高通量的杂交检测方法都需要对待检样品的miRNA标记、纯化后才能应用于随后的杂交，这些方法通常耗时耗力，而且无法排除前体miRNA的干扰信号。本项目拟采用自主研发的一种新型的无需标记样品的miRNA芯片检测方法，解决现有技术存在的这些问题，这有望填补我国自主知识产权miRNA芯片平台的空白。项目的思路是基于堆积杂交作用的原理，设计特殊的探针和一段事先标记荧光的通用标签，自我点制芯片阵列，对常见的几种恶性肿瘤如肺癌、肝癌、子宫内膜癌、乳腺癌、食管癌等患者的血液、组织的miRNA表达谱进行检测分析，发现肿瘤特异的miRNA标志物，为肿瘤的早期诊断和药物治疗作用的靶标提供参考。

中文关键词： microRNAs表达谱；堆积杂交；通用标签；肿瘤标志物；筛选

英文摘要： MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, key biological regulators and promising disease and tumor markers. The detection technologies of miRNAs hold great potentials in advancing fundamental research and early diagnostics in medicin. Currently, miRNAs in biological samples have to be labeled and purified before being applied to most high-throughput hybridization assays. These approaches are usually time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can not rule out the cross-hybridization of the co-existing miRNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Here, we intend to adopt a new method that developed by ourselves, which is label-free, microarray-based high-throughput miRNA profiling, to solve these problems. This new method is expected to fill the blank of our native miRNA chip platform. Based on the stacking hybridization, we will design the special probes and a short fluorophore-linked oligonucleotide universal tag, prepare the probes array by ourselves, and carry out the project by analyze the miRNA expression profiling of blood and tissue which from several type of cancer patients such as lung cancer, liver cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, etc. We hope to find some tumor-specific markers, and provide some reference for the early diagnosis and the treatment of cancer drug.

英文关键词： microRNAs profiling；stacking hybridization；universal tag；tumor marker；screening